Preliminary Studies On The Characteristics In Physiology And Biochemistry And Cytology Of The Male-sterility In Ramie

Ramiz(Boehmeria. nivea(L.) Gaud), is one kind of important fiber crops. As our national treasure, it is often called"China grass". From been discovered to present, Ramie male sterility has already caused the breeding workers or the correlation researcher's value. But its researches mainly concentrate on the male sterile phenotype characteristic as well as the simple fertility heredity rule. Its sterility aspects and so on cytology mechanisms, physiological biochemistry mechanisms have not yet involved. Taking the different developmental stage of Ramie male-sterile line, the r-line and the descendant F1 male flower buds and the functional leaves as material, this experiment analyzes the differences between male-sterile and common plants, from the following aspects: the flower bud, the anther shape characteristic and soluble material metabolism(such as sugar, starch, protein,proline et). Two kind of isozyme POD and SOD and so on anther micro process were carried on the dynamic comparative analysis to Ramie male sterility characteristic, the main findings are as follows:1. Ramie male sterility phenotype appraisalCompared with normally plants, the male sterility plants mainly display on the male flower bud: the male flower bud is thin and small, does not crack, the anther is withered, the contents are very few, disperses without the pollen; I₂-KI dyes non-color change.The female flower opens when the male flower bud withered and gradually falls off. The female flower growth is normal.2. Ramie male sterility material metabolismIn the same developmental stage, the male-sterile line soluble sugar content is higher than its r-line. This kind of difference is biggest in the big flower bud time: male-sterile line C26, C4 respectively are its r-line 1.91 and 2.59 times. In the starch content, along with the flower bud growth, the male-sterile line male flower bud starch content changes not obviously, but the r-line male flower bud accumulates starch unceasingly: in flower bud time r-line B16 starch content high 72.8% compared to male-sterile line C4, the big flower bud time, r-line B8 outdoes 79.6% compared to male-sterile line C26. Along with flower bud growth, regardless of the male-sterile line or the r-line, the soluble protein gradually drops. But in the content aspect, it displays not consistently between materials: male-sterile line C26 is lower than its r-line B8, but male-sterile line C4 is higher than its r-line B16. The free proline content displays with the starch content change is consistent. In the male-sterile plants and common plants of F1, all material displays the same as the parents, except in the protein content: fertile plant is higher than sterile.3. Ramie male sterility isozyme analysisThe male sterility characteristic bands have not been discovered in the POD electrophoresis result. The only difference is the band intensity: the r-line stronger than the male-sterile line. Thereinto Rf 0.59 band in r-line is stronger than that of male-sterile line in all times. The SOD aspect, the isozyme bands have not been examined in various times of the male flower bud growth but only in the functional leaves. The mainly difference between male-sterile line and the r-line is in the band intensity, same as POD. The POD,SOD activities mensurating results are also the r-line stronger than the male-sterile line(fertile plants stronger than sterile plants in F1).4. Ramie male sterility paraffin section resultThe paraffin section results indicate that, Ramie male sterility occurs in each stage from the spore cell forms to the tetrad, in which male-sterile line C4 main abortion thoroughly in growth early time reason for having no spore original cell differentiation, but the male-sterile line C26 main abortion time is meiosis process. The male-sterile line C26 abortion form mainly has: the microspore mother cell can not develop into meiosis, because of the extrusion from the huge tapetum. When the tapetum disintegrates gradually later, the microspore mother cell has still not entered meiosis, finally disintegrated. Moreover, the phenomenon that canaliculus bundle degenerate suddenly has been found in the experiment.