Study On Evaluation Of Germplasm And Propagation Techniques In Myrica Nana

Myrica nana Cheval is an evergreen shrub in the Family Myricaceae. It only distributes over the western area of China. It has synthetic utilizable value in edibility, light industry, medicine, ecological protection and etc. After collecting the datum, and inquiring of the resources, and basing on knowing well of its geographical distribution,morphology and phenological phenomena, sex-identification method. We evaluated its different germplasm resource according to its morphology, drought- resistant characteristics and fruit quality. In addition, we studied the techniques of its propagation.We intended to set up the complete files of evaluating and reserving germplasm resource, and offer the rational and effective data and theoretical basis. The main results could be concluded as followings:1. The study analyzed and summaried the characteristic of the geographical distribution of M.nana and drew the map of its distribution.2. Observed and measured the inflorescence morphology and flowering phenological phenomena of M.nana and suggest an easy and possible sex-identification method according to the morphology of inflorescence and the differences concentration of essential oil in female and male tree leaves.3. The germplasm resources of M.nana were widely gathered and analyzed, from 11 varieties (T1-T11) that have apparent differences in the characters of fruit, the height of the trunks and the shapes of the leaves were selected for source study.4. A relative systematic statistic analysis, a principal component analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis were carried out to study the diversities of morphological characters of M.nana. The statistic results indicate that about 71.4% characters differ apparently. The principal component analysis and the cluster analysis indicate that the 11 varieties of M.nana can be clustered into three groups based on the fruit morphological data. The first group includes 7 varieties(T4,8,6,10,7,9,11) with heavy large-size fruit。The second group includes two varieties (T2,5) with green and white fruits. The third one includes two varieties(T1,3) with small-sized and large-stoned fruit. In addition the first group can be clustered into three sub-groups according to the leave character and the form of the shrub. It is evident apparent that there is a connection between morphological similarities among the varieties of M.nana. The fruit character, leaf character and the form of the shrub are the main factors that affect the diversities of morphological characters of M.nana.5. Analyzed the anatomical structure of leaves and their drought resistance features of M.nana,and selected out the main quantitative characters which tend to be responsive to the drought resistance: cutin layer thickness of Lower epidemis, thickness of leaves, palisade tissue thickness and ratio of palisade tissue thickness to cutis tissue. An order of drought resistance of 4 varieties of M.nana was given from high to low by synthetic method is: T5>T1>T2,T4 6. The 11 properties of the fruit of M. nana are analyzed and organic acid content, Fe content, edible rate of the fruit obtained can be used as the quality index for choosing the quantity of the fruit and reference standard for comprehensive evaluation of the fruit properties was constructed, and grey relation grade analysis showed the result of the comprehensive evaluation of the quality traits for the 5 varieties is: T2>T4>T1>T3>T5。7. Excitation realized the root-taking and recovering of the callus. The study shows that cuttings were treated by Dip N Grow(1:10)and Hormone Root were the best treatments among the five different ones. The rooting rate could reach 16.7-23.3%. The germination propagation test shows that seeds can germinate after 3 to 4 months of sand store in the same year, the seeds treated with GA3 (200 ppm and 350 ppm) are the best treatments. The germination rate could reach 66.1-80.6%. The study summarized the technical points of the propagations.The study made further discussions of the questions about the establishments of the system of quantitative characters appraisal and core collection of the germplasm resource of M.nana, the building of the ideal variety, the evaluation and innovation and propagation of the germplasm.