| Allium macrostemon Bunge is a Chinese traditional medicine herb which is usedfor aggregating antioxidant, depressing blood pressure, preventing atherosclerosis,antitumor pharmacy and so on. It is low in side-effects but widespread in the wild. Soit has been used as traditional Chinese medicine herb for a long time. But it is actuallya harmful weed in agriculture that is difficulty to be eliminated in field.Allium macrostemon Bunge showes strong resistance to glyphosate, a powerfulherbicide usually applied in herbs control. Glyphosate inhibits the synthesis ofaromatic amino acids in plants and be regarded as a safe and environment friendlyherbicide. To learn the mechanism how Allium macrostemon Bunge can resistant toglyphosate, the callus induction conditions for Allium macrostemon Bung.e culture areset. The induced callus are screened on glyphosate media to test its resistance ability.Field resistance test is also carried out under six grades concentration of glyphosatetreatment.The results are shown as follows:(1) That 2,4-D is the most important factor in callus inducing of Alliummacrostemon Bunge. The regression equation between inducing ratio of callus and thehormones is: Y=65.66-9.69X1-4.95X3-5.88X12-14.22X22-16.63X32. Accordingthe equation, the optimal medium and hormone concentration are formulated out bycomputer evaluation. It is: MS+0.986～1.141mg/ L 2,4-D+0.930～1.088mg/LNAA+1.185～1.359mg/L 6-BA.(2) The glyphosate resistance of Allium macrostemon Bunge callus: Alliummacrostemon Bunge Callus grow on medium treated with different concentrations ofglyphosate. Allium macrostemon Bunge callus showes high tolerance to the herbicideglyphosate. The survival rate is 100% on 0.072 mol/L and is 60% when theconcentration reachs 0.096 mol/L while the controlling plants tobacco are verysensitive to the herbicide and all the callus putrescence on 0.012mol/L glyphosate medium with in 1 w. And the survival rate of Chinese onion, an other control plant,is 20％in 0.024 mol/L glyphosate. The highest tolerance of Allium macrostemonBunge callus is 0.096 mol/L.(3) Treating Allium macrostemon Bunge plant in field and the morphology areobserved. The leaves of Allium macrostemon Bunge are normal when glyphosate of0.011 mol/m2 and 0.022 mol/m2 are spraied. But it withering when the concentrationreachs to 0.044 mol/m2 and the plant appears noticeably withered in a concentrationof 0.088 mol/m2 glyphosate, However the plant survival more then 70％after 30 daysof the spray. Chlorophyll content in the leaves is test by spectrum. The chlorophyllcontent decreases more when higer glyphosate is applied. Then content showes anegative relationship with the applied glyphosate concentration. The soluble proteincontents in the leaves of different treatment are also analysied. It appears an initialincrease and later decrease in the treatment of glyphosate concentration 0.011 mol/m2and 0.022 mol/m2. It appears relatively large fluctuations when the concentration of0.044 mol/m2, 0.088 mol/m2 and 0.167 mol/m2 of glyphosate are applied. It isconclude that Allium macrostemon Bunge field tolerance to glyphosate in theconcentrations of 0.088 mol/m2 spray.It is nessceray to establish an asexual reproduction system of Allium macrostemonBunge to learn its tolerance to glyphosate. The callus culture and inducing alsoprovides a speed propagation method for Allium macrostemon Bunge. The callustolerance of Allium macrostemon Bunge confirmes that the resistance to glyphosate ofthe plant in field is not due to the special machinical reason but may owe to atolerance enzyme EPSPs. The study may be helpful to establish a more efficientmethod to control the weed in field.
|
PDF Full Text Request