Effects Of Different Plant Date And Shading On The Physiological Change In Flower Formation And Characteristics In Florescence Of Cardiocrinum Giganteum

The effects of plant date and shading on changes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and Endogenous hormone in the leaf of Cardiocrinum Giganteum during flower formation were studied. Meanwhile the growth process, plant morphological and properties during flowering stage were observed. The correlation coefficient between physiological indices and Characteristics in florescence is ascertained. The dynamic changes of soluble sugar, starch, total nitrogen, ABA, GA3 and IAA in leaf on the flowered process were analyzed. The main results showed as follows:1. The difference of growth process of Cardiocrinum Giganteum that planted on autumn was not obvious, but all of them were earlier than that planted on 15th February. Cardiocrinum Giganteum planted after 15th February couldn't grow normally. On flower bolting stage, the plant height that planted on 5th November increased most evidently. On bud stage, plant height and leaf number of all plants were increased quickly, especially the Cardiocrinum Giganteum plant on 5th November and 15th November, which also had good plant morphological and high appreciatory value, but the leaf area all reduced on bud stage。2 In the period of flower formation of all plants, carbohydrate and C/N ration in the leaf significantly increased, then decreased slowly, and were higher in the end of flowering. The contents of carbohydrate and C/N ration of Cardiocrinum Giganteum planted on 15th November reached the maximum firstly. The content of nitrogen nutrition reached a low point at bulb stage in all treatments, and then almost remained the same. For much soluble sugar so have transferred to petal, so the content in the leaf that planted on 15th November reached the lowest value on the primary blossoming stage. The correlations of substances in the leaf were studied. It was made clear that the starch content had significant positive correlation with leaf number and flowering rate. There was a significant negative correlation between soluble sugar and florescence. So the results showed that, florescence of Cardiocrinum Giganteum planted on 15th November was the longest, up to 24 days. The opened flower percentage was 29.33high, each plant has 15.33 flowers on average, and the average length of inflorescence was 11 cm.3 Shade on the flower bolting stage can obvious improved the SPAD value in leaf and appreciatory value. The shading degree was higher, the soluble sugar and starch content in leaf was lower. But the flower formation was not affected because it may still higher than critical value. The shading degrees 60% of full sunlight on the flower bolting stage can extremely enhance the GA₃ and IAA content in the leaf. The IAA content in leaf had significant positive correlation with flowering rate, blooming number per plant and length of inflorescence. There was also a significant positive correlation between GA₃ and florescence. So the results showed that, florescence of Cardiocrinum Giganteum with 60% shading degree was the longest, up to 24 days. The opened flower percentage was 31.67%high, each plant has 15.67 flowers on average, and the average length of inflorescence was 12.12 cm.4 Endogenous hormones had the different effects on the different stage. On the vegetative stage, GA₃ improved the growth of plant. On floral bud differentiation stage, IAA and ABA had the positive effects on flower formation. Meanwhile high content of IAA in leaf can lengthen the florescence. Higher ratio of ABA/GA₃ and ABA/IAA benefited the floral bud differentiation. Higher ratio of ABA/GA₃ and ABA/IAA benefited the floral bud differentiation. The high level of IAA and GA₃ could improve the Characteristics of flower when there were high ratio of ABA/GA₃ and ABA/IAA...