| Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang and C. phaeocaulis Valetion were two starchy rhizomatous/tuberous species belonging to the family of Zingiberaceae. Taking the materials of C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis, this paper presented the laboratory test method for rapid in vitro propagation and analysised antifungal activity of essential oil from C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis.The buds, tender leaves, stem tubers and roots of C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis were used as explants, adding different concentration of plant hormone combination on minimal medium(MS) and 1/2 MS, to carry out callus and buds inducing, multiplication culture and roots production. The results showed that the optimal callus inducing medium was MS + 2,4-D1.0 mg·L-1+0.51.0 6-BAmg·L-1 (NAA0.3 mg·L-1),and tender leaves were best explant for callus inducing. The medium of MS+NAA0.01mg·L-1 was better for buds in vitro germination.The buds multiplication medium was MS+6-BA3.0mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1+KT1.0mg·L-1 and reaching over 3.5. The medium of 1/2MS + NAA1.0 mg·L-1 + BA 0.5 mg·L-1 was better for rooting, whose rooting rate reached 100% ,and survival rate reached over 85%. The callus of different colors and textures and the inner structures of callus induced from rapid in vitro propagation were studies by means of paraffin section technique and optical microscopy. The results showed that the arrangement mode and the size of cells are different for callus of different colors and textures.The antifungal effects of the oil from C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis to plant pathogenic fungi were studied by using inhibiting fungi tests and electron microscope technique. The results showed that essential oil from C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis had stronger and broad-spectrum antagonistic activity on 6 kinds of fungi. The oil could obviously inhibit hyphal growth at 6.25μL·mL-1. The values of IC50 indicated that the oil from C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis had highest inhibitive effect on Pestalotia funereaand and Rhizoctonia solani Kuha. and lowest inhibitive effect on Gibberelle zeae (Schw.) Petch. in 6 kinds of fungi. The hyphal cell wall disappeared and protoplast was dissolved by observation on electron microscope. These results suggested that C. kwangsiensis and C. phaeocaulis were the promising for biological pesticide. |
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