| In this study, 59 Flammulina Velitipes strains were tested for screening the fine strains for cultivation and for analysis of genetic identification and genetic diversity assessment by using methods such as morphological taxonomy, RAPD analysis, ISSR-PCR, IGS1 and IGS2-RFLP. The results are as following:1. Four fine Flammulina Velitipes strains were chosen for cultivation based on there mycelial growth rate, biological efficiency and commodity traits .Four strains are as follows: ACCC51540, ACCC51062, ACCC50650, ACCC50862.2. Combined with the cultivated characters and the result of the clustering analysis of RAPD and ISSR, the genetic diversity of Flammulina Velitipes is very abundant. At the classification level of 0.28, all tested strains were grouged into 12 and 15 clusters by RAPD and ISSR, respectively. The results of these two analysis are in accord with the morphological classify, and the ISSR analysis was more sensitive.3. The result of RAPD shows that, PCR was done with the three selected primers, there were some polymorphic sequences by which we can identify these strains.4. Among the tested strains, the yellow strains were more diversity. In morphology, according to the color of the cap of fruit body, Flammulina velutipes were divided into two groups, the yellow strains and the white strains. But the results of the clustering analysis of RAPD and ISSR shows that, the yellow strains and the white strains did not divided into two groups, and there is inherent relation in them. The heredity variation is not obvious.5. In the study, the IGS1 region of all Flammulina velutipes strains revealed high conservative, the length of amplified fragment was 1.7Kb. There were length heterogeneity and polymorphism on IGS2 and IGS2—RFLP, use more restriction endonuclease may aquire more restriction endonuelease cleavage map.6. The relationship between morphological and molecular biological taxonomy is supplementing and validating each other.
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