| The pathogenic Trichoderma was researched in the substitue cultivation of Flammulina velutipes From 2009 to 2010 in Sichuan province. The pathogenic Trichoderma spp. were isolated respectively in the polluted cultivation substrate of F. velutipes. And we chose 35 isolates of them to separate and identify the Trichoderma viride, measure its growth temperature, prevent and cure diseases chemically and screen the resistantce of F. velutipes. strains to them.The research results show that the pathogenic Trichoderma spp. consist of T. harziaum, T.longibrachiatum, T.viride and T.koningii in the substitue cultivation of F. velutipes in Sichuan. Among the total 35 Trichoderma spp. isolates, there are 26 isolates are T.harziaums, occupying 74.3%, which are the main Trichoderma sp. making F. velutipes infected. And there are respectively 4,3 and 2 isolates of T.longibrachiatum, T.viride and T.koningii, and their average separated rates are 11.4%,8.6% and 5.7% respectively. There is a definite relation between the species of the Trichoderma spp. And the collecting sites, such as, there are mainly T. harziaums separated in Hongyuan, and there are mainly T.virides separated in Daxian County.After measuring the growth temperature of the 35 isolates of the Trichoderma spp. The optimum growth temperature is 28℃. The optimum growth temperature for different sorts of Trichoderma sp. is various, and the best one for the T. harziaum and the T. koningii is 28℃,30℃for the T.longibrachiatum, and 26℃for the T.viride. The T. harziaum and the T. longibrachiatum with high separated rate were chosen to measure the drug susceptibility according to 9 common kinds of fungicides, and Carbendazim and Thiophanate-methyl were considered to have effects on preventing from the Trichoderma spp. when they are used properly. However, the more efficient and less toxic chemical or biological pesticides need further research.The infective ability of Trichoderma hyphae to the F. velutipes was investigated, referred to Wu Xiaoping (2008)'s research methods of the Trichoderma spp. infecting abilities towards edible fungi. And the research results showed that infecting abilities of different Trichoderma spp. towards F. velutipes were various, and the abilities divided into three types:the strong, the middle and the weak. Among the strong, the Trichoderma spp. can invade F. velutipes hyphae more rapidly. Among the 35 insolates of the Trichoderma spp., the rates of the strong, the middle and the weak according to the FS282 F. velutipes strain (with weak resistibility) were 45.7%, that showed the infecting abilities of the Trichoderma spp. towards FS282 were relatively strong general. 38 strains of F. velutipes were evaluated for the resistance to the pathogenic Trichoderma. in the culture medium of PDA plating, as well as the culture medium of Cotton Seed Hull.The resistibility got through the two methods conformed to great degree, and the results are reliable. After screening from 38 different strains of F. velutipes, we got F21, F33, F36, F37, F72 and F94 F. velutipes strains which resist against the Trichoderma spp. fiercely; we got F100, F103, F31, F32, F38, F40, F61, F71, F74 and F77 F. velutipes strains which resist against the Trichoderma spp. to a medium degree; and we got F4, F42, F9, F101, F111, F54, F70, FH281, FS282 F. velutipes strains which resist against the Trichoderma spp. to a medium degree to a slight degree. All the above results can be used to provide basis for choosing resources for F. velutipes resisting against diseases and breeding. |
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