| Pituitary specific transcription factor 1(POU1F1, original name is Pit-1) gene is one of the POU (Pit-1, Oit-1 and Unc86 acronym) gene family. POU1F1 the protein is the animal prehypophysis specificity expression protein, is one kind of important function transcription factor. The POU1F1 protein has the influential role regarding the prehypophysis embryonic development, as well as regarding the expression of Growth Hormone, Prolactin and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone-βunit. Pituitary specific transcription factor (POU1F1) is one of important transcription factors of GH, PRL and TSHβgene. Through adjusts these genes the expression, but to animal's growth, the reproduction and the immunity and so on many aspects plays the vital role.In order to investigate the genetic effect of pit-1 polymorphism on growth traits of Xinjaing brown cattle, the polymorphisms of POU1F1 were analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 62 Xinjiang brown cattle. Two genotypes of A and B alleles were identified at the Hinf I site of the sixth exon with A/G mutation. The frequencies of alleles A/B in the population of 62 cattle were 0.3065/0.6935, which was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05). Associations of early growth traits of weaning weight, average daily gain, yearling weight, average daily gain after weaning and 3-6 month body traits (Body weight, Withers length, Chest girth, Body height) were statistically analyzed. The data of growth performance in early stage showed higher values in B genotype (P<0.05). For the purpose to investigate the association of different alleles with the transcription level of POU1F1 target genes, the transcripts of GH, PRL, TSHβand POU1F1 were measured by realtime RT-PCR. The levels of POU1F1 transcripts were significantly correlated with that of GH, PRL and TSHβwith correlation coefficients of 0.8329, 0.7149 and 0.66 (P<0.01). Whereas the correlations of transcription levels of POU1F1 with A and B alleles and its target genes were not significant.
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