Study On Histochemical Localization And Transport Of Secondary Metabolism In Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge

In this paper, using Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge of the different introduction regions as experimental materials, the method of Histochemistry and HPLC was adopted to analyze and locate the fat-soluble compounds in the roots, stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge of the different introduction regions; using Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with sand culture as experimental materials, the method of Histochemistry was adopted to locate the water-soluble compounds (phenolic compounds) of the roots and leaves in the different periods, and analyze salvianolic acid B contents by HPLC to illustrate synthesis and accumulation rule and localization of salvianolic acid B in different parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. It provided the scientific basis for improving phenolic compounds contents and regulating metabolizability. The results are as follows:1. To illustrate the distribution of the fat-soluble compounds in the roots, stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge of the different introduction regions, the method of Histochemistry and HPLC was adopted to analyze the different parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge of the different introduction regions. The results showed that distribution was differential, and following as this: the roots, stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge contained the fat-soluble compounds; moreover, the fat-soluble compounds of the roots located in periderm and the stems and leaves in epidermis. The main components of the fat-soluble compounds were tanshinone II A, tanshinone I and dihydrotanshinone I in the toots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, and the fat-soluble compounds were not tanshinone II A, tanshinone I and dihydrotanshinone I in the stems and leaves. The type and content of the fat-soluble compounds in the stems and leaves related to the introduction regions, but did not relate to the introduction regions in the roots.2. To illustrate synthesis and localization of the water-soluble phenolic compounds in the different growing periods of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, the method of HPLC was adopted to analyze the water-soluble phenolic compounds in the roots, stems and leaves of the nine growing periods of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, and locate phenolic compounds in roots and leaves of the nine growing periods by the method of Histochemistry. The results showed that the roots, stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge contained the water-soluble phenolic compounds, but the contents of the phenolic compounds were differential in the different parts of the different periods. The main components of the water-soluble phenolic compounds were salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid in the leaves and stems, and it located in plasmalemma of epidermis. The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in the seven growth periods, besides germination stage and sprout stage, contained salvianic acid B, and its contents changes along with its growth. The water-soluble phenolic compounds in the roots located in plasmalemma and vacuole of cork cambium and phelloderm.3. To illustrate transportation mode of salvianolic acid B, the method of the HPLC and the grey relation analysis was adopted to analyze contents of salvianolic acid B in the roots and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in the different growing days. The results indicated that the water-soluble phenolic compounds----salvianolic acid B synthetized in the leaves, simultaneously transporting from the stems to the roots. The transporting moving is mutual between the roots and the leaves, and it is consistent the traffic trend among the leaves of close to the distance, the traffic trend of the roots and middle leaves is consistent, but it is different traffic trend between the roots and the upper leaves or the bottom leaves. After wilting stage, the contents of salvianolic acid B gradually reduced because of the leaf wilting, and finally located in the roots, but the contents was less than the growing period.