| Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim is a large amount of medicinal materials in the north of china, also a very important medical sanitarian material. In recent years with further study of it, more and more medical and economic value of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim has appeared; its plantation area has extended gradually with its requirement increased, but the yield and quality is poor due to different cultivated technique. On base of studying of the cultivated technique of scientific and rational cultivation measures and improve the quality of artificial Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim in order to provide scientific evidence for standard cultivation. The thesis has mainly studied on the cultivated method, fertilizing techniques of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim at main production area, and analyzed the bulb and rhizosphere soil as well, and drew a conclusion on dynamic rules of the three micro-elements (N, P, K) accumulation in different growing stage, which provided a theoretical basis for the rational fertilizing. Result shows:The best cultivated methods of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim are half hardened-level seeding, feces-level seeding and ridge-cultivation. In these ways, the average yield is more than 2kg/m~2 , the average yield of bulb is 0.5kg/m~2, and 3 times higher in production than that in the old garden .It was observed that the order of nutritional absorption is N, P, K elements along the whole development. The N, K were absorbed most in the sprout budding phase, especially N. The ratio of accumulation of N, P, K is 1.33:1:6. Because the formation of fruits consumes more nutrients and the nutrient in bulb supply the growth of the fruits, the contents of N, P, K reduced gradually, and the lowest was in the fruits period with the extending length of bearing periods later .The average rate of N, P, K content in plants is 4.75:1:2.26 which can give us guide in fertilizing.Selecting base fertilizing and leaf fertilizer base on fertilizer-needed traits of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim, it shows that the best base fertilizer is barnyard manure, the better are human beings', pigs'and green manure; the bulb yield increased by 131.7%, 92% and 71.4% respectively; the content of biological alkali in bulbs has increased by 24%, 18%, 14.3% and 4% than that controls.It's the first time for EM Becteri-ferilizer, eccentric fertilizer and golden Earth biological leaf fertilizer were applied to the cultivation of Fritillaria ussuriensis. It shows that 300 times diluted solution of EM is the best ,the next is 1500 times diluted eccentric Fertilizer and 200 times diluted EM, the content of biological Allcali has increased by 30%,28%and 26% compared with controls respectively; As the yield, yield increasing effect is the most significant with EM 300 times diluted, the second is the EM 200 times, eccentric fertilizer 1500 times and Golden Earth 1500 times ,the increasing percentage is 25%,21%,20%and 17% respectively .Above all, spraying leaf fertilizer can improve the yield of bulbs and the biological Alkali in the bulb of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim.
|
PDF Full Text Request