Identification Research On The Major Fruit Trees Resources Utilizing RAPD Technology In Jilin Province

In this thesis, we studied the classification, genealogy and idioplasm distinction of 68 kinds of fruit trees using of RAPD technique.1. We analysised 8 samples of small apples using RAPD amplification with 10 pairs of specific primers. The result shows that the primers S337, S443 and S446 are competent to identify the eight breeds of small apples. K9,Daqiu and long guanju can be classified into same group , No.1 of Xingping and Jinhongju . Huangtaiping, Jinzaohong and Shandingzi bear their own catogories respectively, in this study, Jinhong and Jizaohong performe differently in RAPD bands, and have a genetic distance of 0.295455, which shows that Jizaohong and Jinhong have distant relative relationship.2. We analysised 7 samples of blueberries using RAPD amplification with 7 pairs of primers in Jilin province. The result shows great varieties in RAPD of blueberrie , as 42 bands are amplified, which means a variety between 33.3% and 100%. With 2 primers, we can distinguish and identify the blueberries varieties.3. We analysised 10 samples of small apples using RAPD amplification with 12 pairs of specific primers in Jilin province. The result shows that the size of RAPD bands of black currants are between 600bp and 3200bp. Its RAPD has greater polymorphism, and 58 bands are amplified, which mean a polymorphism between 50% and 100%. S84 and S89 can be used to identify the whole 10 samples. a S84 and S155.4. We analysised the eleven groups of plums, apricots and cherries to using RAPD with 12 pairs of primers in Jilin province. The result shows that 80 bands are produced in amplifying plums, apricots and cherries and its polymorphism is between 66.7% and 100%. According to the results with all the primers, the amplified stripes of plums, apricots and cherries have distinct differences and the amount and region for the amplified stripes are different. Some polymorphic stripes are exclusive to the apricots and cherries and the plums have less or no stripes.5. We choose 10 primers at random to amplify the RAPD of the kiwi fruits. It shows that the amplified stripes numbers of each primer are between 4 and 10 and the lengths of DNA range from 400bp to 3000bp, altogether 64 stripes are amplified. The DNA has polymorphism is between 60% and 100% , with an average of 79.9%. S6-2700 and S19-1450 are special stripes to soft date kiwi fruits. S3-2000 , S21-2000 are the special stripes to Gou dates kiwi fruits , S21-S3-800 , S45-700 and S43-1200are the special stripes for Ge dates kiwi fruits .6. We choose 9 pairs of primers at random to amplify the RAPD of ten varieties of hill grapes. It shows that the hill grapes'DNA has greater polymorphism, which means an abundance of the genetic variation, but the polymorphism among these varieties is not very big. Seeing from the similar coefficients among these varieties, the similar coefficients among these varieties is above 0.6, which means they have close relative relationships. The RS from Russia are in the same group, which means the geographical origin between RS and the northeast mountain grapes is remote. 7. We choose 9 primers at random to amplify the RAPD of 11 groups of pears. The result of RAPD amplification of pear shows that it has gteater polymorphism which is between 25% and 100% and have certain DNA polymorphism. The amplified stripes are between 4 and 9 with an average of 5.18. The sizes of the amplified fragments are between 300bp and 4800bp. S38-500, S89-1200, S91-1800, S91-900, S93-1200, S93-600, S81-600, S82-1000, S86-1500, S86-1000 and S86-900 are the common stripes of different varieties. Primers S23, S37 and S38 can identify the qualities of the pear resources.