Study On Forest Fire Risk Zone Mapping Based On Geomatics

Forest fires is a global, transnational natural disasters as a natural enemy of forest, which destroyed a large number of annual forest resources。It not only caused huge economic losses and also caused serious damage to the natural environment and human survival ecological balance, and sometimes produced catastrophic losses。The application of geomatics technique can supply informative, fast, high reliability, intuitive dynamic information and technical analysis tools for achieving the time span of forest fire risk analysis and forest fire research division. The history data about forest fire and the other, such as weather, terrain, socio-economic and population distraction were got through the collection of studied distraction in the nearly 13 years with the help of geomatics technology, were analyzed of the time and space feature, and the relations about the forest fire and their impact factor. On the basis, the paper predicted the time and space trend in the future, analyzed the regression of forest fire frequency to each related factors, divided the different forest fire risk according to the actual situation of the studied distract, supplied the Decision-making and technical support for the forest fire prediction and science management of this distract. Based on remote sensing images, the paper established evaluation system of forest fires risk division ,produced the map of fires risk division ,provided visual effects and Statistical information with the basic principle and laws. It also tested the accuracy of the map based on the temporal and spatial characteristics of forest fires and other fire-test results.The main conclusion are as follows:(1) In the annual scale, because of the affection of climate factors, forest fires occurred mainly in the year 2000,specially,the year of 2000,2002 and 2004 is most; in the month scale, the high frequency times of forest fire is from January to March; in the clock scale, the main clocks of forest fire is from 10: 00 to18: 00. On the basis of GM (1, 1) theory, the paper analyzed the key points of forest fire ,and the results showed that high-risk later will appear in 2007 ,2010 and 2014.(2) In the spatial distribution profile, the forest fire was concentrated in south-east and north-east in someone area, also was founded that there have the trend of moving into the southern. Using Kriging interpolation in GIS, we can find that its future space distribution on the higher class in the Middle, gradually reducing to rounds, and other counties bordering the southwest, northwest direction almost no forest fires.(3)An analysis was conducted to show the correction of the forest fire and the air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and other weather factors and the one-factor combinations relations. The results showed that meteorological factors and the relationship between forest fires is in line with the general law. With the collection of meteorological factors and standards-based BP neural network, the paper predicted frequency and areas of the forest fire in the different time scale and found that Selecting the appropriate network models to predict fire and the relationship between meteorological factors have higher accuracy, can effectively predict the incidence of forest fires.(4)The paper analyzed the relationship between the forest fires and space geographical characteristics, vegetation factors, and social factors influence, and found it is in line with laws, is line With the geographical factors, vegetation and biological characteristics of human activities.(5) The forest fire risk ranging in someone area of North Fujian was quantified by the five factors which are vegetation type, slope altitude, aspect and settlement buffer with the help of the AHP and the factor weights union method and the range was classed into 5 classes. The results showed that The none,low,moderate,high,and extremely high fire risk zones accounted for 25.51%,59.27%,10.95%,4.22% and 0.05%. Inhabitant community and the peripheral have the higher fire danger rank than the other place.