| The low temperature is important factor that distributes and grows placed restrictions on the earth plant, and directly influences the northward development of the fruit tree. Cold resistance is an important trait of fruit trees, which is the most important resistance indicators of the fruit..The grape of the Hei Longjiang Province has very high economic value, but the development of the grape was affected and restricted by the low temperature in the northern area.therefore,it's vital significance of appraisal grape variety's cold-resistance to the use of variety resources,the reasonable plan layout of variety ,the cold resistant breeding,appraisal and promotion cold resistant variety. This research is to try the material with the Harbin area's several fresh food variety, through to observe several variety grape leaf and branch structure characteristics; the grape branch under low temperature gradient (-0℃--70℃) processes and its conductivity as well as each gradient the germinating rate determination of the branchs;The measurement of physiology indicators (including soluble sugar and soluble protein, dissociates proline, membranaceous fatty acids, free water and bound water); the interrelationship of several indicators and the analysis between the cold resistance with the indicators, the results were showed as following:1.The grape structure characteristics concerns with its own cold resistance.The bigger grape leaf CTR value is, the Palisade tissue neatlier and arrange the closer than the variety cold resistance to be stronger.2.The proportion of the grapes's xylem to be higher, the vesseles to be smaller and the density lower that the variety cold resistance is stronger.3.The grape branch relative conductivity increases with the intensified of the low temperature stress.According to the infiltration of electrolyte show that the various species of the level of semi-lethal temperature proved that the strength of the cold resistance.Compared with Beida that the order of several grape cold resistance is: Beida > JingXiu > JingYa >U-Nikun > Bai Jixin.4.The germinating rate show that several varieties had not been able to sprout between -10℃--15℃,indicate that several varieties were not able to endure the low temperature surpass -15℃.5.From the solubile sugar to show,the changes of several grape varieties from spring to winter upward trend,the soluble sugar content were maintain a relatively high level of Beida,JingXiu and JingYa in different periods,but the soluble sugar content of U-Nikun and Bai Jixin were quitely low, demonstration that these two grape varieties cold resistance to be weak. 6.Obtains from the soluble protein content's determination, the same change tendencies of four season,the Beida grape of strong cold resistance protein content is highest in different period, next is JingXiu,JingYa and Bai Jixin,U- Nikun's content is lowest.7.Obtains from the dissociates proline content's change,it's positively related with the temperature.Compared the cold resistant with several varieties,in turn Beida>JingXiu>JingYa>U- Nikun> Bai Jixin.8.From the results of membrane fatty acid's, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid content has been higher than the saturated acid in each grape varieties,and the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid content of strong cold hardiness varieties higher than the weak cold hardiness ones.9.From the results of the free water and bound water,the value of Beida grapes free water and bound water was lower than Jingxiu and Jingya,the value of Bai Jixin and the U- Nikun's is highest.The results of the physiological indicators'relevance show that all above of the physiological indicators had a positive relation except the value of free water and bound water.then its can be Appraised the grape's cold resistance.
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