Breeding Evaluation On Several New Restorers Of Indica Hybrid Rice

Five male-sterile lines (Jinshan2A, FuyiA, Jingfu5A ,G201A and TaixiangA) and five restorer lines (22, Zhi3,404,Zhi6 and Minghui86 ) were used to creat 25 crosses by the way of incomplete dialect cross(NC II). The plant type,yield components,grain traits,combining ability and inheritance of 14 agronomic traits were studied,as well as the breeding utilization of the 4 new restores were evaluated.The main results were as foliowings:The agronomic characters analysis indicated that plant height of Jinshan2A/Zhi6 was the highest, days to heading of Jingfu5A/404 and G201A/404 were the longest, grain number of G201A/Zhi3 was the most, 1000-grain weight of Jingfu5A/Zhi6 was the heaviest,yield of Jingfu5A/Zhi3 was the highest.Days to heading of Jinshan2A hybrid was the shortest.The average grain number and 1000-grain weight of Zhi6 crosses were the highest ,second were Zhi3 crosses. L/W ratio of hybrids were over 3 except Jinshan2A/Zhi6. Grain length was longest and L/W ratio was biggest in 404 hybrids.The yield of hybrids were due to various 1000-grain weight, productive panicle, seed setting rate and grain number. The patch analysis indicated that the yield components contributing to yield in order according to importance were productive panicle, grain number, 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate.The correlation analysis indicated that the relationship between yield and seed setting , productive panicle was positive significance at 0.01 level. the relationship between yield and second leave from top,primary branch , grain number was positive significance at 0.05 level.The correlation efficients between the yield and seed setting , productive panicle,second leave from top, primary branch, grain number were higher .The results indicated that yield can be improved by improving these traits,and the relative efficiency is higher.The correlation coefficient between yield and productive panicle was highest,which demonstrate that the productive panicle was the most important components of yield,and yield can be improved through improving productive panicle. The variance of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for 14 agronomic traits were significant at 0.05 level or 0.01 level,and the variance of GCA was higher than that of SCA,which showed the additive effect was more important than the non-additive effect for all of the agronomic characters. Except plant height,grain number ,A lines and R lines contributed equally to panicle length, flag leave,first leave length,first leave wides,second leave from top,third leave from top,primary branch,secondary branch,productive panicle, days to heading, 1000-grain weight,seed-setting rate.GCA and SCA are independent to each other.The effect of GCA of the same traits were different,the SCA of cross which come from two parents with high GCA is not necessarily high.The SCA is the foundation,and the SCA is a key.It was conducted that FuyiA and G201A are two elite A lines with good GCA,and Minghui86, Zhi 3, Zhi 6 and 404 are four elite R lines.The broad heritability of all characters analysed was high except plant height and productive panicle.The estimates of narrow heritability were descending in such order:days to heading,primary branch,first leave wides,second leave from top,third leave from top,first leave length,grain number, 1000-grain weight,flag leave,secondary branch,seed-setting rate,panic length,plant height,productive panicle.The study indicated that Zhi 3, Zhi 6 and 404 were elite restorers,jinshan2A/Zhi6, FuyiA/Zhi6,FuyiA/404, FuyiA/ Minghui86, Jingfu5A/ZM3,Jingfu5A/Zhi6,G201A/22, TaixiangA/ Zhi3 and TaixiangA/Minghui86 were elite combination.