| Provenances and Cultivation Measures are very significant effect factors on thebamboo culm qualities of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv pubescens. This paper systematically analyzed the difference of physical & mechanical properties, fiber morphology and chemical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm between different provenances, stand densities, stand structures, sites, altitudes, slope directions and irrigation .On this basis , it revealed the effects of provenance and cultivation measures on the main properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm from plantation.1. Fiber morphology characteristics, main physical & mechanical properties and cellulose content of P. heterocycla cv pubescens from Zhejiang Quxian's provenance are better than those of P. heterocycla cv pubescens from other 5 provenances. The provenance has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density, bending strength, the modulus of elasticity in bending and each shrinkage coefficient of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm while it has no significant effects on the ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage and compression strength parallel to grain. Comprehensive valuation indicates that the P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm from Zhejiang Quxian's provenance is the first choice for pulpwood and construction timber.2. Fiber Length and ratio of length to width of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm are increasing with the increasing of stand density, while basic density, vascular bundle density and main mechanical properties are decreasing. The ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm in the stand with density of 3000 individual·hm-2 is the smallest and the air-drying speed for this culm is slight fast than that of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm in the two stands with other densities. The stand density has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm. Comprehensive valuation indicates that the P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm in stand density of 4500 individual·hm-2 is optimum for pulpwood and the one in stand density of 1500 individual·hm-2 is optimum for construction timber.3. Fiber length, 1%NaOH content, benzene-ethanol extractive content, cellulose content, pentosan content, ash content and pH value of culm from pure forest of P. heterocycla cv pubescens are bigger than those of culm from other two stand structures. Fiber morphology, vascular bundle density and main mechanical properties of culm from mixed stand of P. heterocycla cv pubescens and hardwood are bigger than the one of culm from other two stand structures. The stand structure has extreme significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density, longitudinal shrinkage coefficient, ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage and main mechanical properties. Comprehensive valuation indicates that the bamboo culm from pure forest of P. heterocycla cv pubescens is the first choice for pulpwood while that from mixed stand of P. heterocycla cv pubescens and hardwood is the first choice for construction timber.4. Fiber length, the ratio of length to width, the ratio of long fiber, cellulose content and Klason lignin content of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in site II are bigger than those in site I and site HI. Basic density, vascular bundle density and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in site III are bigger than those in site I and site II. Dimension stability of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in site I is the best. The site has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density, longitudinal shrinkage coefficient, volume shrinkage coefficient and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm. Comprehensive valuation indicates that P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in site II is the first choice for pulpwood and construction timber.5. Fiber length, the ratio of length to width, the ratio of long fiber, basic density, vascular bundle density, main mechanical properties, hot water extractive content, 1 % NaOH extractive content, pentosan content, ash content and pH value of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm by irrigation are smaller than those without irrigation. Dimension stability of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm without irrigation is better than that by irrigation. Irrigation has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, longitudinal shrinkage coefficient, volume shrinkage coefficient, compression strength parallel to grain and elastic modulus of bending of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm. Comprehensive valuation indicates that P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm without irrigation is better than that by irrigation for valuating properties of pulpwood and construction timber.6. Fiber length, the ratio of length to width, the ratio of long fiber, each shrinkage coefficient, extractive content, ash content and pH value of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in shady slope are bigger than those in sunny slope. Fiber width, basic density, vascular bundle density, main properties, cellulose content, pentosan content and Klason lignin content of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in sunny slope are bigger than the one growing in shady slope. Slope direction has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density, longitudinal shrinkage coefficient, ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm. Comprehensive valuation indicates that P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in shady slope is more suitable for pulpwood than that growing in sunny slope and the one growing in sunny slope is more suitable for construction timber than that growing in shady slope.7. Fiber length, the ratio of length to width and the ratio of long fiber of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in the altitude of 300m are bigger than those in the altitude of 600m and 900m. Basic density, vascular bundle density and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing i in the altitude of 900m are bigger than that growing in the altitude of 300m and 600m and its dimension stability is better than the one growing in the altitude of 300m and 600m. Altitude has extreme significant or significant effects on fiber morphology, basic density, some shrinkage properties and main mechanical properties of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm. Hot water extractive content, benzene-ethanol extractive content, Klason lignin content and ash content of P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm are increasing with increasing of altitude, while 1 %NaOH extractive content, cellulose content and pH value are decreasing. Comprehensive valuation indicates that P. heterocycla cv pubescens culm growing in the altitude of 300m is optimum for pulpwood, and the one growing in the altitude of 900m is optimum for construction timber.
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