The Study On The Chromsome Number And Chemical Compositions Of Mentha Haplocalyx Briq.and Mentha Spicata L.Resources

Genus Mentha L.accessions are perennial or far-between annual herbage,many of them distributed wildly.Mentha haplocalyx Briq.and Mentha spicata L.are two common spieces cultivated in genus Mentha.Both of them are traditional Chinese medicine.M. haplocalyx has the function of diaphoretic,febrifuge,salubrious,while M.spicata has the function of astrictive,antiphlogistic and sedative.Meanwhile,they are also used as delicious vegetable and flavoring.The essential oils are the main chemical components and effective components of genus Mentha resources.The sorts and contents of vitamins and inorganic elements are important to Chinese traditional medicine.Usually,there are some relationships between the chromsome numbers and chemical components.This study analyzed the chromsome number,the components and chemotype of 21 M.haplocalyx and M.spicata accessions which collected from different areas,detected the difference between the sorts and contents of vitamins and inorganic elements of the different parts of them,determined the sorts and contents of vitamins and inorganic elements of 15 accessions had better agronomy traits. The study dicussed the types of chemotype,and the relationship between the contents of vitamins,inorganic elements and the chromsome number of M.haplocalyxand M.spicata accessions.The main results were as follows:1.The chromsome numbers of M.haplocalyx and M.spicata were counted.The results showed that there were octploid(2n=8x=96) and hexaploid(2n=8x=96) among M. haplocalyx accessions,and all the M.spicata accessions were teraploid(2n=4x=48).The polyploid was widely existed among genus Mentha resources.And the study also showed that there was no obvious geographic distributing characteristic among the chromsome numbers of M.haplocalyx and M.spicata accession. 2.The essential oil compositions of 21 M.haplocalyx and M.spicata accessions were analyzed by using GC/MS method.It was found that the constinuents and contents of volatile oils in different Mentha resources were various.Totally,forty-one chemical components were identified from the volatile oils of 21 Mentha accessions.The average contents of ten chemical components were higher,including menthol,menthone,pulegone, peritenone oxide,carvone,linalool,piperitone oxide,piperitone,menthyl acetate and caryophylle.3.Based on the percentage of the chemical components of the essential oils of M. haplocalyx and M.spicata accessions,twenty-one accessions we analyzed by using cluster analysis.The results showed that all the accessions were classified into 8 groups,namely 8 chemotypes,including linalool,menthone-menthol,menthone-menthol-pulegone, pelugone,pelugone- piperitone oxide,menthol,carvone and piperitenone xide.All the M. spicata accessions were chemotype carvone,and M.haplocalyx accession were divided into the other 7 chemotypes.The chemotypes of M.haplocalyx accessions had some relationship with with the color of stems.4.The vitamin constituents and content of different parts of four M.haplocalyx accessions were determined by using HPLC method.Water-soluble vitamins was determined by HPLC on Luna C18(2) 100(?) 200 mm×4.6mm×5u at 30℃with 0.005 mol/L:Hexane sodium:methanol(7:3),pH = 3.2 as the mobile phase.Detection wavelength was 370nm. The flow rate was 1.0ml/ min.Fat-soluble vitamins was determined by HPLC on Hyperclone BDS C18 150mm×4.6mm×5u at 25℃with methanol:Ethyl acetate(95:5). Detection wavelength was 275nm.The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.It was found that the contents of water-soluble vitamins were higher than that of fat-soluble vitamins.Except for minority accessions,the contents of vitamins decreased gradually.Totally,the vitamin contents in younger leaves were commonly higher,while that in the stems were the lowest.5.The contents of vitamins of 15 M.haplocalyx and M.spicata accessions which had better agronomic traits ware determined by using the previous methods.Only V_c,V_D2 and V_K1 were determined.The calibration curve of each vitamine was good.The average recovery of V_c,V_D2 and V_K1 was 99.85%,81.61%and 90.27%.The V_c content of M. haplocalyx from Jianyang in Sichuan province was the highest,and the V_D2 and V_K1 contents of two M.haplocalyx accessions from Chongqing were relatively high.The content of V_c in M.spicata was commonly less than that in M.haplocalyx.The content of V_c of most purple-stem M.haplocalyx accessions were higher than that in green- stem M. haplocalyx accessions.There were no significant difference between the the contents of V_D2 and V_K1 of M.haplocalyx and M.spicata,green- and purple-stem M.haplocalyx.6.The sorts and contents of inorganic elements of Mentha haplocalyx Briq.and Mentha spicata L.resources,were analyzed by using AAS and AFS methods.The result showed the contents of the beneficial elements the middle and upper leaves of M.haplocalyx were relatively higher while the contents of the deleterious elements were lower.The result also showed the contents of Ca and Cu of M.haplocalyx and M.spicata resources were higher than that in the soil.The tested materials had the function of mineral elements dressing for Ca and Cu.The contents of Ca,Mn,Cu,Cr,Pb and As among all the accessions were significantly different.But there was no significant correlationship between the contents of different inorganic elements.The varying tendency of the contents of inorganic elements within M.haplocalyx and M.spicata resources was similar.Of them,the inorganic element contents in M.haplocalyx accessions was commonly higher than that in M.spicata.The contents of inorganic elements between green- and purple-stem M.haplocalyx accessions were insignificant.And there was also no significant difference between the wild and cultivated M.haplocalyx accessions.7.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were significant relationships among the contents of the mutual essential oils components,vitamins and inorganic elements.The content of Ca had significant positive correlation with linmene,and Cu,Cr had significant negative correlation with pulegone.The content of Zn had significant positive correlation with caryophylle.The content of As had fearfully significant negative correlation with caryophylle.It was found that the contents of inorganic elements had effect on the content of each mutual volatile oil component except for menthol by using partial correlation analysis.Stepwise regression analysis also showed that there were well linear connection between inorganic element and each mutual volatile oil component except for menthol.