| The genetic diversity of 3 goat populations, which included Lubo goat, Yashan black Cashmere goat and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat were studied using 12 microsatellite loci. Combining with the published data (Laoshan milk goat, Laiwu black goat, Jining grey goat, Lubei white goat) which using the similar microsatellite locus, analysis the conservation priority with Weitzman approach and diversity contribution method. The results were as follows:1. The genetic diversity:(1). The most of the polymorphism information contents of the 12 microsatellite loci in Lubo goat, Yashan black Cashmere goat and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat were more than 0.5. The mean effective number of allele was 4.6852, 3.2009 and 4.9616, respectively. Expected heterozygosity was 0.7799, 0.6688 and 0.7663, respectively. It was showed that genetic variations of 3 goat populations were fairly higher and possessed the rich genetic diversity.(2). The coefficient of gene differentiation demonstrated that 85.0% of the total genetic differentiation within each population. The F-statistic analysis indicated that the mean heterozygote deficiency in subdivision population was 0.175, it demonstrated that 82.5% of the total genetic differentiation within each population. The mean heterozygote deficiency within population was 48.1%, which demonstrated the inbreeding coefficient is very high.(3). The genetic distances which were calculated using different method was unequal: Standard genetic distance (Ds) ranged from 0.2929 to 1.6041. Kinship distance (DK) ranged from 0.4879 to 0.7389. Reynolds distance (DR) ranged from 0.592 to 0.1549. Shared allele distance (DAS), the genetic distances between Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat and Laiwu black goat was the highest.2. The indexes of 6 goat populations in Shandong Province were calculated with Weitzman approach: (1). The extinction probability of each population was calculated by 10 non-genetic parameters, the average of extinction probability was 0.290.(2). According to Ds, DK, DR and DAS, if we couldn't conserve the populations, the expected diversity was respectively reduced 37.48%, 38.58%, 38.68% and 36.25% after a given time.(3). According to Ds, DK, DR and DAS, the ranks of 6 goat populations using absolute contribution were not similar, but the genetic contribution of Jining grey goat was highest.(4). The marginal diversity which was calculated using different genetic distance was unequal. According to Ds, DK and DR, the marginal diversity of Jining grey goat was the highest. In term of DAS, the Lubo goat was the highest.(5). The conservation priority was decided by conservation potential. The conservation priority was similar which confirmed by 4 genetic distances: The conservation was carried on first to Jining grey goat, next is Yashan black Cashmere goat.3. The contribution can be partitioned into two components: the first is within-population contribution and the second to its divergence from the other populations. The contributions of 5 native goat populations in Shandong Province were calculated:(1). The contribution to diversity: the contribution of Laoshan milk goat to total gene diversity (CT)was the highest (1.86%), the contribution of LWB to divergent gene diverdity is the highest, the mean contribution was zero, Laoshan milk goat and Yashan black Cashmere goat showed above-average contribution to total gene diversity.(2). The contribution to allelic richness: the contribution of LWB to total allelic richness (CrT) was the highest (5.39%); the mean contribution was 3.40%. Laoshan milk goat, Jining grey goat and Yashan black Cashmere goat showed above-average contribution to total allelic richness.(3). There was not significant positive correlation between CT and CrT (P >0.05); both were moderate positive correlation with heterozygosity and allelic richness. The above-average contributions of two measures were the most important population. In this article, Laoshan milk goat and Yashan black Cashmere goat were the most important populations.
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