Effects Of Organic Substrate Compositions On Growth, Physiological Characteristics, Yield And Quality Of Tomato Grown In Organic Substrate

A tomato cultivar, Xiuli, was used to investigate effects of different substrate compositions on the growth, physiological characteristics, yields and fruit quality of tomato grown in organic substrate. The five substrate formula are Formula l(corn stems mixed sheep soil and soil with 2:1:1 ratio),Formula 2(rice hull ash mixed sheep soil and soil with 2:1:1 ratio),Formula 3(wheat straw mixed sheep soil and soil with 2:1:1 ratio), Formula 4(mushroom residue mixed sheep soil and soil with 2:1:1 ratio), Formula 5(rice hull ash mixed cow soil and soil with 2:1:1 ratio).The main results were as follow:1 Formula l which include corn stems and formula 4 which include mushroom residue have the most mineral elements and the best physical and chemical characteristics of all. Formula 3 which include wheat straw has less mineral elements but better physical and chemical characteristics. Other two formless which include rice hull ash have the least mineral elements and the worst physical and chemical characteristics.2 formula 1 and formula 3 which include corn stems and wheat straw had an obvious effect on the tomato's growth. The two treatments'change was the most remarkable in the aspect of plant height, stem width, fresh weight of root, stem leaf and the area of the leaf. The treatment which include mushroom residue had better change than another two treatments.3 Formula 1 could increase chlorophyll content, heighten photosynthetic rate, prolong the period of high-light-effect, enhance photosynthetic power and augment photosynthetic matter accumulated. And it could improve tomato's root system activity and NR activity.4 Formula 1 could significantly enhance the fastness of tomato. The treatment could reduce tomato's electrolytic leakage. Especially, enzyme activity, the contents of praline and the soluble protein and soluble sugar of Treatment were the highest among treatments in the full period of growth. Also T3 and T4's fastness was higher than T2 and T5.5 The different substrate compositions had a significant effect on the yield and quality of tomato.T1 could promote the growth and yield of tomato and improve quality significantly. It had no significant difference on tomato's quality between each two treatment. But both of them had more nutritional ingredient.6 T1 could increase the total absorption amount of N,P,K.7 The results showed: growth, photosynthetic characteristic and yield and fruit quality of tomato grown in T1 (corn stems) was better than other treatments. The followed were T3(wheat straw)and T4(mushroom residue). These native material were plentiful in our country, so organic matrix should be extended to our country. And the results showed a good way of treatment of agriculture waste.