Effects Of Trough Organic Cultivation Modes On Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of Tomato Grown In Organic Substrate

A tomato cultivar (Taibao No.1) was used to study the trough organic cultivation patterns. First, the organic substrates which was composed of cow manure, chicken manure, rice hull and sand with 5:1:2:2 ratio (volume) was used to study the effects of different cultivation patterns on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, yield and fruit quality of tomato grown in organic substrate. The cultivation patterns included full-isolated cultivation, half-open cultivation and full-open trough cultivation pattern. Next, reused organic substrate, new organic substrate and mixed organic substrate which was composed of old organic substrate and chicken manure with 10:1 ratio (volume) were used to study the effects of different cultivation patterns on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, yield and fruit quality of tomato grown in full-open trough cultivation pattern. The results showed as follows:1 The full-open trough cultivation pattern had an obvious effect on the tomato's growth. Such as plant height, stem width, leaf numbers and leaf areas were obviously higher than other treatments;2 Under full-open cultivation, the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration) as well as root activity and nitrate reductase activity of tomato were higher than other treatments;3 Under full-open cultivation, the highest biological production and yield were gained , the ratio of sugar and acid of fruit was higher, and the content of nitrate was lower;4 The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of new and mixed substrate was higher than that of old substrate. And the physical and chemical properties of new and mixed substrate were higher;5 New substrate had an obvious positive effect on the tomato's growth, and the plant height, stem width, leaf numbers and leaf areas used new substrate were obviously higher than that of other treatments at the later stage;6 The photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration) grown in new substrate were obviously higher than other treatments. The chlorophyll content, root activity and nitrate reductase activity were lower used new substrate at the first stage and higher at the later stage than other treatments;7 The highest biological production and yield were gained in new substrate, and the quality of fruits among all treatments had no significant differences.