Studies On The Influence Of Altitude Factors Etc. On The Growth And Development And Quality Of Tobacco Leaves In Southwestern Hubei Province

The experiment on the basis of collecting massive ecological environment data in southwestern Hubei province, it was proposed that the expanding of flue-cured tobacco was influenced by the factors, such as altitudes, etc. in southwestern Hubei. The field identification experiment was conducted in JiaoYuan town and ZhuShan town of Xuan'en County in EnShi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in 2007, with native major variety as material. It was mainly studied that the effects of altitudes and nitrogen supplement on the roots growth and development, leaves-enlarging and internal chemical components of flue-cured tobacco and on its physical properties, output and product value after being baked. At the same time, the factors (altitudes, nitrogen supplement way, polyethylene mulch, etc.) that influencing the growth of tobacco leaves in southwestern Hubei was testified with experiment, and the altitude height and nitrogen supplement way were confirmed. The experiment conclusion as follows:(1)The root system was good in the condition of lower altitudes and application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The dry and fresh matter of root system in lower altitude were higher than middle and high altitude, and with the altitude height going up, the development of root system slowed up; The dry and fresh matter of root system was higher with application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized; the treatment that polyethylene mulch was covered early period and uncovered later was more favorable for root development than that polyethylene mulch was covered in the whole growth period.(2) The development status of tobacco leaves, which dealt with application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized base fertilizer and lower and middle altitude, was better than application of inorganic fertilizers and high altitude, the length and width of tobacco leaves, and the leaf areas were all increased by the previous treatment. The treatment that polyethylene mulch was covered early period and uncovered later had the better upper leaves status than polyethylene mulch was covered in the whole growth period. In addition, fertilizing was more favorable than uncovering polyethylene mulch.(3) The thickness of tobacco, Palisade tissue and Sponge tissue were suitable, and light and electron microscopic observation for middle leaves showed the trend of no senescence, which was treated by application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized base fertilizer and middle altitude.(4) The chemical components were more harmonious treated by application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized base fertilizer and middle altitude than lower and high altitude and application of inorganic. The nicotine content decreased, but the ratio of total sugar to nicotine increased with the altitude height going up. The nicotine content of upper leaves reduced and the reducing sugar increased with application of inorganic and organic fertilizers.(5) The physical properties of upper leaves were most affected by altitude factors, and weight per leaf and specific weight of leaf increased with the altitude height decreasing. The thickness of leaf, balanced moisture content and filling moderate value were all suitable, moreover, the processing of physical was best.(6) The output and product value were increased by application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized base fertilizer and middle altitude. The output and product value were similar between lower and middle altitude, and the economic benefit also was higher than that of high altitude. The treatment of application of inorganic and organic fertilizers, regardless of whether the advance base fertilizer application or timely uncovering polyethylene mulch, of which economic benefit were higher than the treatment of application of inorganic fertilizers, and the economic benefit was best with the treatment of application of inorganic and organic fertilizers with 30 days in advance for base fertilizer applicationIn sμmmary, the growth of tobacco leaves was influenced by ecological factors and cultivation measures in southwestern Hubei. The sunlight, temperature, water status, fertilization condition for the tobacco were different in different altitudes, nitrogen supplement ways, polyethylene mulch periods, which caused different growth and development regulation. Suitable altitude height was the major measure to guarantee the healthy plant tobacco. There was better leaf-enlarging, internal quality, physical machinability, output and product value performances in the middle altitude in southwestern Hubei. In addition, application of inorganic and organic fertilizers and advanced fertilized base fertilizer, and the treatment that polyethylene mulch was covered early period and uncovered later was more positive for tobacco expanding, output and quality.