Effect Of Yield And Quality On Culitivation Measure In Achyranthes Bidentata

Achyranthes Bidentata belongs to Amaranthaceae Achyranthes Bidentata plant Achyranthes Bidentata dry radix and is annual herb plant . It is our country famous one of"Fourth big bosom medicines". Its radix is tradition large amount traditional Chinese crude drug , and can reinforce liver or kidney ,strong physique, pass by stasis and promotion ,and ensuring proper downward flow of blood, Mainly uses in"the waist knee being aching pain, the physique is incapable, amenia lump in the abdomen, dizziness due to hyperactivity of liver-YANG. At present regarding achyranthes bidentata research mainly emphatically in its aspects and so on pharmacological action and chemical composition, but are few regarding the achyranthes bidentata cultivation measure's regulative research.In recent years, as a result of the natural medicine's resources' limitation, took seriously day by day to the traditional Chinese medicine standardization planter's research..The cultivation measure regulation promotes medicinal plant's photosynthesis, thus enhances the achyranthes bidentata the yield and the quality, at present has not yet been reported.This experiment through to the achyranthes bidentata planting density (50, 33, 25, 200,000plant.hm^-2), Maize Roborant (1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.25, 2.5g.kg^-1) the vegetative growth and the reproduction will grow (all picks and pinches off) as well as the different harvest time (in September, in October, in November, in December, next year January, next year February and next year March) and other cultivation measure regulation has studied its canopy aparent photosynthetic rate , the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, achyranthes bidentata antioxidant metabolism, and the root yield, content of oleanolic acid and polysaccharide, aims to take effective control measures to increase the yield and quality of Achyranthes provide a guarantee. Main results are as follows:1.The suitable planting density enhances the achyranthes bidentata the canopy aparent photothetic photothetic rate and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameterTo canopy, the density existence being suitable value, when the density is smaller than the suitable value, increases CAP along with the density to increase, the yield enhances gradually;In the suitable density range CAP and the yield should reach the maximum value, surpasses the suitable density, the community is oversized, causes the canopy to shade strongly fragrant. Causes CAP and the yield reduces. Looking from this experiment condition, 330,000plant.hm^-2 CAP is higher than other processing in the grain stage, and the yield is highest. Therefore, must enhance the grain time the dry material accumulation quantity, must try to enhancing this time the community photosynthesis efficiency. Therefore, in order to raise the grain of dry matter accumulation, we must focus on improving the canopy aparent photosynthetic efficiency.Under the different density, resulting in different Achyranthes leaf area index, the chloroplast pigment content and fluorescence characteristics are different.Along with the increasing density, Achyranthes leaf area index also increased, density enlargement, the Achyranthes bidentata leaf area index also enlarges, but the density is excessively high, causes the plant closing, does not favor the optical transmission, thus influence achyranthes bidentata chloroplast content difference. The achyranthes bidentata entire period of duration, 4 planting density preliminary chloroplast content little difference , in the latter part of 330,000 plant.hm^-2 chlorophyll content higher than other treatments.330,000 plant .hm^-2 chloroplast pigment molecules have high PSâ…¡Activeness may form many active chemical energy (ATP and NADPH), provides the full energy and the reducing ability for the photosynthesis carbon assimilation, thus displays the good photosynthesis physiology performance .330000 plant.hm^-2 the chloroplast molecules have a high PSâ…¡activity . (energy of light transfer efficiency, electron transfer rate), can create a more active chemical energy (ATP and NADPH), photosynthetic carbon assimilation for the provision of adequate energy and Reduced ability to show good performance of the photosynthetic physiology.2. The suitable planting density raises the achyranthes bidentata yield and the quality .Achyranthes polysaccharide and oleanolic acid content level is the embodiment of Achyranthes medicinal value. Research shows that the close relationship between density and yield.The suitable planting density, is advantageous in raises the achyranthes bidentata yield, 330,000 .hm^-2 the highest yield. Water in achyranthes bidentata various organs soluble carbohydrate and the achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide in the root content's accumulation is similar, assumes"S"the curve, 500,000 plant.hm^-2 and 330,000 plant.hm^-2 achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide and oleanolic acid unit area content is relatively high, but 250,000plant.hm^-2 and 200,000 plant.hm^-2 are relatively low, the achyranthes bidentata various issue of oleanolic acid content's research indicated that its highest content is emerging 70d (at the end of September). The generalized analysis achyranthes bidentata optimum density is 330,000 plant.hm^-23. Maize Roborant being suitable density may enhance the achyranthes bidentata oxidation resistance functionCAT and POD catalyze H₂O₂ to produce harmless O₂ and H₂O, in the achyranthes bidentata leaves the POD and the CAT enzyme activity height appear alternately, two combined actions caused the achyranthes bidentata the leaves to maintain the high elimination active oxygen ability relatively, reduced the free radical accumulation, alleviated it to the biomembrane system's injury, caused the membrane fat peroxidation degree to reduce. Thus played certain protective function to the achyranthes bidentata leaf blade cell membrane, and was best by the 1.75g.kg^-1 content protection effect.Car exists in the chloroplast, on the one hand the impediment excited state chlorophyll molecules'excitation energy transmits outward from the reaction center; On the other hand, it also protects the chlorophyll molecules to avoid the photooxidation damage. Maize Roborant in the low-concentration (1.5 gkg^-1) and the high high concentrations (is greater than 2.25 g.kg^-1) in the low concentration the influence not to be obvious to Car, but obviously enhanced in the achyranthes bidentata leaves between 1.75 and 2.0 g.kg^-1 the Car content. Therefore Maize Roborant through enhances achyranthes bidentata leaves Car content, has further suppressed the active oxygen formation, played certain protective function to the achyranthes bidentata leaves cell membrane system.4.Maize Roborant being suitable density raises the achyranthes bidentata yield and the qualityMaize Roborant in dealing with the application of B2 to the best effect, not only enhance the ability of Achyranthes lodging, but also improve the yield(16.65%) and content of Achyranthes polysaccharide(40.83%),although alines oleanolic c acid content to have certain influence, but actually the Additional unit area content(0.1917mg.m^-2), obviously Maize Roborant may increase the part effective component on achyranthes bidentata use.5.The vegetative growth and the reproduction grow the regulation raises the achyranthes bidentata yield and qualityThe removing inflorescence which appears one after another in the squaring stage excision achy- ranthes bidentata, the good performance of individual plants, inverted increases but actually 2 leaf lengths and width. Thereby increasing the Achyranthes root length, diameter and height, the pitch number has not changed, excised the removing inflorescence to raise the achyranthes bidentata but actually leaf chlorophyll content completely, and maintained the high latent chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, photosynthesis capacity strengthens, enhanced the carbon pathways vigor, thus raised the achyranthes bidentata yield, the polysaccharide content and oleanolic acid content.6. Effect of yield and quality on achyranthes bidentata in different harvest timeEffective component's formation and its accumulation in Chinese traditional medicine is controlled by genetic factors regulation and environmental condition, its curative effect is the ultimate goal. Because of more active ingredients in achyranthes bidentata, this research mainly takes the content of polysaccharide and oleanolic acid as the basis, considered from the planter economic efficiency and for medicinal purposes value two aspects, thought should be determine the content of active ingredient from the unit area of Achyranthes bidentata unit area. Content of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide per unit area take in the following year in January as highest (52.0145 g.m^-2), followed by November (49.6751 g.m^-2) and December (48.9841 g.m^-2), but content of oleanolic acid maximum for December (2.581279 g.m^-2), next for November (2.027142 g.m^-2) and next year in January (2.011289 g.m^-2), therefore comprehensive analysis should be in the best harvest in late mid-December.