Isolation, Identification And Biocontrol Mechanisms Of Antagonistic Trichoderma Spp.

Forty-nine strains of Trichoderma spp.were isolated from 95 samples of spawn and fruiting bodies of edible fungi collected from nineteen regions in Fujian and Zhejiang provinces.The morphological characteristics showed that the strains could be divited into four groups,belonging to T.harzianum,T.longibrachiatum,T. atroviride and T.asperellum respectively.The species T.asperellum was first found to contaminate edible fungi,The species T.atroviride was rarely present,and the frequencies of appearance of species,T.harzianum and T.longibrachiatum were 59%and 31%respectively,seeming to be the dominant contaminative fungi in mushroom cultivation.The species of Trichoderma varied with collective location and mushroom species.The strains isolated from spawn of Lentinula edodes in Qingyuan country of Zhejiang province,were most of the species,T.harzianum.The strains isolated from spawn of Pleurotus eryngii in Guangzhou,were most of the species,T.asperellum,but that isolated from Lentinula edodes in Pucheng of Fujian province,were most of the species,T.atroviride.The infective ability of Trichoderma hyphae to the edible fungi was investigated, the results indicated that different Trichoderma strains displayed different infection ability.It was also found that the fungi Trichoderma had strong infective ability to mushroom but not to phytopathogenic fungi,which also showed that there was infective specificity to Trichoderma towards different fungi.The infective mechanisms of the fungi to mushroom were,that they could infect edible mushroom by lysing or winding the cell walls of mushroom mycelia,or inhibit hyphal growth based on the volatile substances or non-volatile substances generated.However,no direct relationships were proved between the chitinase-producing capacity or growth velocity and the invasiveness of the fungi.Inhibitory effects of the fungi Trichoderma could be induced by mushroom mycelia.