Studies On Growing Characteristics And Alkaloids Accumulation Dynamics Of Aconitum Pendulum Busch

In this article, with Chinese traditional medical herb Aconitum pendulum Busch as material, the seed germination characterstics,growth and development characterstics and alkaloids of Aconitum pendulum Busch were studied by applying the field investigation combining wtih laboratory test in Wushengyi town in Yongdeng, Gansu province from 2006 to 2007. The main results are as follows:1. The water absorption process of Aconitum pendulum Busch's seed includes rapid phase,slow phase and lag phase. After 2 hour is the rapid phase, the rates of sucking up moisture increased from 0 to 62.4%; the slow phase was in 2-20 hour, the rates of sucking up moisture increased from 62.4% to 122.3%; the rates of water absorption is linear trend; the lag phase after 20 hours, the minimum rates of water absorption is 122.30%, the maximum rates of water absorption is 125.0%; the rates of absorption expansion came to its peak in 28 hours. The best conditions of germination are darkness and 15℃. The rates of germination was 44.67%.2. The fibrous roots growth is up to its fast stage from next late April to early May. This stage is the key stage to the fibrous roots system, and also the key stage to vegetative organ growth as seedling,stem,leaf and adventitious root began to develop. From May to June, the monkshood-tubers are swelling rapidly, and root,stem,leaf and plant growth yield are growing very rapidly, which is the key stage of high tuber yields. In late June, the leaf area,tuber number and fibrous root amounts reached their maximum of its growth circle, which is the critical stage of reproductive growth. In middle August, the plant growing amount reaches the maximum of its growth circle. the main organ as roots,stem,leaf,flowers and fruits and growth mass during each development stage can be effectively established as an S curve. Based on the biological growing features of the organs, Aconitum pendulum Busch's life cycle is divided into six phases: fibrous roots growing period,seedling growing period,tuber birth period,tuber expanding period,flower-bud emerging period, and flowering- fruiting period.3. In different developing stages, the alkaloids content of monkshood-tubers is amount to its peak--2.347%, after growing about 290 days (about 18th, September). It is higher than that of mother-tubers. The best harvest period is about on 18th September. The aconitine alkaloids content of monkshood-tubers is higher than that of mother-tubers in different developing stage. The highest contents is 0.2ug/g after growing about 290 days (about 18th, September).while the maximum content of mother-tubers is 0.14ug/g. after growing about 150 days(about 25th,April), the aconitine alkaloids content of monkshood-tubers increase as growing days are increasing, on the contrary, the mother-tubers is opposite to that of the monkshood-tubers. Among different aconitine alkaloids content in monkshood-tubers,mother-tubers,stem,leaf and seed of Aconitum pendulum Busch, the first is monkshood-tubers, the second is leaf, and there is no difference in the seed,the stem and the mother-tubers.