Studies On Developmental Anatomical Structure And Seasonal Alkaloids Change Of Aconitum Carmichaeli.

The monkshood-tuber of Aconitum carmichaeli. is one of 40 species backbone herbs in China,which is the side-earthnut of Aconitum carmichaeli., from the Ranunculaceae. The pharmacology action of Aconitum carmichaeli. including anticancer, antinflammation, easing pain, resisting consenescence, toxicity mostly, and it has strong curative effect to immunity system and hear-blood vessel system and nerve system. Distribute in provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hunan etc. In order to authenticate the quality reasonablly and make the ingathering phases certain, the paper mainly focused on three aspects of studies thereinafter.1.Studies on the developmental anatomy of the monkshood-tuber of Aconitum carmichaeli., using the method of paraffine slice to research the part where the monkshood is going to bourgeon from the taproot, we found that the monkshood-tuber is a renewal bud of aconite essentially, the organic reproduce of aconite in the form of monkshood-tuber to weather through the cold winter. The adult monkshood-tuber is composed of topmost bud, axillary buds and adventitious roots which look like earthnuts. Under condign entironment, The topmost bud becomes to bourgeon to stem and leaves next March, the axillary bud becomes to bourgeon at the same time, but what is it become to come into being lie on the depth of soil.Studies on the anatomy of adult monkshood-tuber by the method of paraffine slice show that transverse structure of the upside, middle part and underside of the monkshood-tuber is different from each other, the primary structure of upside is integrated, the structure of middle part and underside is of secondary, the diameter of middle part is maximal, the metaderm here has broken off and the amount of cortical cells has reduced as large numbers of cell produced by the activity of cambium, the cells of secondary phloem is long and narrow as they huddle together, transverse structure of the upside, middle part and underside of the monkshood-tuber is more integrated than straight-cut structure, so we should cut the monkshood-tuber transversely forepart in forepart process.2. Studies on distribution of active constituent in Vegetative Organs by the method of empty-handed slice , making the slice of stem, leaf, taproot and monkshood-tuber, the slice of stem and leaf was deal with Dragendorff, the slice of taproot and monkshood-tuber was deal with Scheibler. Both of them were deal with thick H2SO4 and TiCl3/CH3COOH solution to validate, the result showed that the alkaloids mainly distributed in the endodermis and, furthermore, the alkaloids can be detected in outboard thin wall cells of phloem in monkshood-tubers and the base of stems, the content of alkaloids was not found in the leaves. So the content of alkaloids is root > stem > leaf, we should make use of the stem properly in product line.3. Studies on seasonal change of alkaloids in vegetative organs observations of the concentration of alkaloids revealed that the tiptop content of total alkaloid in the taproot occurs in August and in the monkshood-tubers occurs in July, in the stems occurs in May, in the leaves the content is exceedingly little and the variable is unconspicuous. The tiptop content of total alkaloid in the monkshood-tubers occurs in July,there was only weight increase in the later phase, the maximal weight appeared in August, so we consider optimum harvest time should in the middle of August. And the alkaloids increasing is prestissimo in May, so we should fertilize N largely in the last of April.