| Field experiments were carried out in Nanjing in 2006, 2007 and two cotton cultivars, Nannong 7 and Sumian 12, were used to study. This studied the effects of temperature-solar radiation meteorological factors on on yield character and fiber quality, the d dynamic characters of matter of yield formation during the course of cotton boll development, and cotton yield formation. The main results were as follows:The results showed that character's variances of cotton bolls were level of significance or very significance, on different setting nodes in different temperature - solar radiation condition. By using variance value, the comparing result of sensitivity of cotton bolls to climates conditions in different anthesis was: fiber weight of cotton boll> seed cotton weight of cotton boll > weight of cotton boll > lint percentage , and fiber strength> elongation > micornaire > fiber length > uniformity. For different setting nodes, very significance of the cotton fiber weight had been determined among different anthesis. With the significance or very significance positive correlation between temperature-solar radiation factors and characters of yield-quality of cotton bolls, setting models of stepwise regression analyzed and defined these limits: the effective accumulated temperature(≥15℃) 408.90 - 764.77℃and 471.12 - 729.74℃to the weight of cotton boll 6 - 7.2g and the seed cotton weight of cotton boll 4.8—5.6g, the critical anehesises were August 22 and August 16 to August 22; the daily minimum temperatures 15.46-26.33℃and 11.2-21.0℃and 15.9—26.6℃to the fiber weight of cotton boll1.8—2.3g and the acceptable micornaire 3.5—4.9 and the fiber length 27—31mm, the critical anthesis of Micornaire was July 30 August 3, and the critical anthesis of Fiber weight and Length did not appear; the fitting lowest daily average temperature 21.2-23.7℃to the lowest fiber strength 24.0-25.0cN/tex, the critical anthesis was August 31; the total effective solar radiation 242.07—249.88kw to the lint percentage 40% - 42%, the critical anthesis was August 22.With anthesis delaying, the average accumulating rate of boll-shell dry matter during the early stage of boll age, the maximal dry matter of boll shell, the average declining rate of boll-shell dry matter during the late stage of boll age, the maximum of soluble sugar and amylum content and the declining value of soluble sugar and amylum content after the peak all declined. The fastest time of the maximal dry matter , soluble sugar and amylum content delayed. Before August 13 anthesis, the maximum of soluble sugar and amylum content appeared 7th dy of boll age, and the maximal dry matter of boll shell appeared from 21th day to 28th day of boll age. After August 22 anthesis, the maximum of soluble sugar and amylum content appeared 14th day of boll age, and the maximal dry matter of boll shell appeared from 28th day to 35th day of boll age. The content of soluble protein of the Boll shell declined after flowering, and higher soluble protein increased during the period at 21th day, 28th day and 35th day of boll age in the anthesises of August 13, August 22 and August 31. By using variance value, it detruded bound parameters of temperature-solar radiation meteorological factors. Then it defined the critical anthesis of significance of dynamic characters of Boll-shell matter.The sucrose content in cotton fiber decreased quickly after 7th day of boll age, and higher sucrose content increment during the period from 28th day to 35th day of boll age. With anthesis delaying, increasing ability of sucrose content in middle-stage of cotton boll development and transforming ability in whole-stage both declined. The transformation rate of soluble sugar and accumulation rate of cellulose and cotton-fiber dry matter in cotton fiber accorded with the "S" curve, respectively. With anthesis delaying, the eigenvalues of soluble sugar transformation and cellulose and cotton-fiber dry matter accumulation showed degressive effect. The change of seed-cotton dry matter accumulation was the same as cotton-fiber dry matter accumulate. The indexes of soluble sugar, fiber dry weight, sucrose and cotton cellulose were significant or very significant positive correlation with the daily effective solar radiation during the period from 29th day to 42nd day of boll age, and the maximal cellulose content was significant positive correlation with the daily effective solar radiation during the period from 15th day to 28th day of boll age. The declining soluble sugar value after the peak, the transformed soluble sugar value during the transforming peak, the maximal transforming rates of soluble sugar, the maximal dry matter, the value of fiber dry matter growth and the maximal accumulating rates of cotton fiber dry matter weight were all significant or very significant positive correlation with the effective accumulated temperature (≥15℃) and the daily average temperatures during the period from 15th day to 42nd day of boll age. The sucrose content at the 49th day of boll age and the total declining rate of sucrose were significant positive correlation with the effective accumulated temperature (≥15℃) and the daily average temperatures during the period from 0th day to 49th day of boll age, and very significant positive correlation with the daily effective solar radiation during the period from 15th day to 28th day of boll age. the maximal cellulose content, the value of cotton cellulose accumulating and the maximal accumulating rates of cotton cellulose were significant or very significant positive correlation with the daily effective solar radiation during the period from 0th day to 42nd day of boll age. Then it analyzed and defined bounds that temperature and solar radiation factors effected matters of cotton fiber formation during different boll age.By using variance value, the comparing result of net photosynthetic rate of cotton hight-effective leaf and sympodial leaf in different setting nodes during different sowing dates was level of significance. It presented: 16-1>12-1>8-1>4-1. Dynamic characters of matter of yield formation during the course of cotton boll development at different Setting nodes presented: 8-1> 4-1 >12-1> 16-1. The change of dry matter of Boll shell, cotton fiber and seed cotton were the same. Cotton boll weight, seed-cotton weight and cotton-fiber weight of yield characters presented: 8-l>4-l>12-l> 16-1, accordingly. |
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