| Turf establishment can efficiently and quickly control the erosion of soil and water and make the eco-system being balance. The turf production is the traditional way that the lawn production is high labor intensity, time-consuming, laboriously and low efficiency. Chemical insecticide and herbicide are widely used to control various pests and weeds of turf, at the same time, the turf production will carry 4 cm surficial soil, which will severely destroy the structure of the soil. Therefore, it is significant to new ways of lawn growing. Urea formaldehyde foam substrate has been considered as a new soilless substrate due to its low cost and environment friendly properties.In order to solve the problem of brought in traditional turf production, this article introduced urea formaldehyde foam as new type turf establishment substrate. As one of the most new type substrate, urea formaldehyde foam offers light texture, finer sucking and holding water capability, abundant and inexpensive raw material, simple manufacture and spontaneous decomposition process. The substrate has many advantages, such as, save time, seed, fertiliser, pesticide and water, etc. Based on the laboratory and field experiment, this paper studied the physical-chemical properties and lawn establishing effects of urea formaldehyde substrate, at the same time, soil environments and application prospects was deeply probed also. The result can be summaried as following:(1) The urea formaldehyde foam substrate retention rate, density and water absorption ratio were analyzed. The results showed that urea formaldehyde foam substrate has adequate density, a great amount available water and sufficient air permeability for turf root system, meanwhile, the substrate pH value, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition can be adjusted under the necessity of crop.(2) We carried out visual estimates quality through NTEP appraise system. The results showed that no significant difference in colour, density qualityand uniformity were found among urea formaldehyde foam substrates treatments and urea treatment.(3) There are no significant difference between urea formaldehyde foam substrate treatments and urea treatment, except treatment Z3. The urea formaldehyde foam earth covering treatments are significantly better than the not earth covering treatments, at the same time, the urea formaldehyde foam substrate treatments can produce low clipping yield, high and long under-biomass and healthier turf.(4) The results showed that there were no significant differences in the rate of emergence and establishing time between treatments urea formaldehyde foam (Z1,F1,Z2,F2,Z3) and urea, but, they are significantly better than normal treatment, meanwhile, the urea formaldehyde foam can produce gently-changed growth rate.(5)Through T.L.Satty's method of 1-9 scales of Analatical Hierarchy Process(ATP), the weight ratio of matrix were got and it can calculate the maximum characteristic solution, then it can be regarded as the satisfying value of weight.(6) The urea formaldehyde foam substrate treatments can provide uniformitied nitrogen nutrition. The phosphorus and potassium content of turf tissue are dicided by it's physiological function, meanwhile, the urea formaldehyde foam substrate can improve chlorophyll content (SPAD) of turf blade, especially in the late period.(7) The urea formaldehyde foam substrate which was obtained by urea and formaldehyde is a slow-release nitrogen substrate, within 3 months the 10 to 15 percent of nutrition was realeased, meanwhile, this substrate can reduce soil NO3--N content of 0 to 100 centimeter, thereby the pollution of soil and underground water caused by fertiliser will be reduced.(8) The urea formaldehyde foam substrate has a bright prospect of application and extension, the substrate mixed by grass carbon and vermiculite with thickness of 3.5 centimeter cost 3.59 yuan per sq m, but the urea formaldehyde foam substrate production cost only 1.12 yuan per sq m. |
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