| Groups of one species in differents environments for enough long time,subspecies will come into being,the characters among the groups will be different.And the groups of one subspecies can be distributed in different environments.The groups of one subspecies in different environment must have the adapting identies respectively.Living in the same ecological type of the same species,due to the impact of other ecological factors,the characteristics of hair will also be some form of adaptive changes.During November 2007 to January 2008,the Mustela sibirica sibirca Pallas samples(11 males, 12 females)of this research were collected in Tuqiang of Mohe County in Daxing'anling. Microscopically morphological characters such as hair length,hair diameter,medullary index of hair,absent medulla proportion of top and bottom of hair,and proportion of each scale type of hair and macroscopically morphological characters were measured.This group was compared with Mustela sibirica manchurica Brass,from Tonghe in Xiaoxing'anling,by hair length,hair diameter,medulla diamter.The results suggested that:(1)To adapt to the cold winter climate,the hair characters of mustela sibirica sibirica Pallas in Mohe in Daxing'anling are as follows:length of straigth awn(♂16.68mm~54.43mm;♀14.54mm~52.94mm),length of vellus(♂6.40mm~21.78mm;♀6.12mm~19.89mm). Diameter of straigth awn(♂90.00μm~165.00μm;♀87.50μm~147.50μm),Diameter of vellus(♂10.50μm~31.00μm;♀10.00μm~30.00μm).On the whole,males'hair length and diameter of straigth awn and vellus are significantly longer than females'(p＜0.05). Medullary index of hair was 57.41%～85.71%(males)and 50.00%~80.00%(females).In addition to the central pile back and buttocks,male and female are no significant differences (p＞0.05).Proportion of each scale type of hair of head,the middle back,buttocks and abdomen are mainly long straight needle-type valve(♂37.86%~50.14%,♀31.49% 44.86%)and clutter-type(♂38.95%~50.63%,♀34.89%~44.43%),The end of the central hair-type scales clutter ratio(♂66.32%;♀59.53%)is higher than other parts of the body,while the proportion of long-valve-type scales(♂15.87%;♀17.69%)significantly less than other parts.Valve type is dominated with long hair(♂61.27%~67.92%;♀59.79%～71.5%).(2)By comparing the straigth awn of the same sex of named mustela sibirica sibirica Pallas in Mohe in Daxing'anling with mustela sibirica manchurica Brass in Tonghe in Xiaoxing'anling, the result could be found as follows:the hair length and diameter of yellow weasels in Mohe area are longer than those in Tonghe region(P＜0.05),length of straigth awn in Tonghe (♂13.48mm~48.56mm,♀12.24mm~45.54mm),Diameter of straigth awn (♂88.32μm~160.22μm,♀85.20μm~144.79μm),especially for back,buttocks and abdomen,which could keep warm and protect their bodies.That is caused by cold climate. Medullary index of hair of the yellow weasels in the two areas are no significant differences, because the function of up hair is more protection,but less insulation.(3)The Mohe region and the Thonghe region are forest ecosystems,but they belong to different latitudes.So,the temperature may be the cause of the different hair characters of yellow weasel between the two regions.
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