| Along with the rapid expansion of urbanization construction, the demand of clay solid brick is constantly rising. Among the past several years, scale production of clay solid brick was formed in the rural of the north area, leading to large area damaged farmland. This paper takes different restoration damaged farmland of Lizhuang township Shangqiu city as the research object, starting with crop growth and soil physical and chemical properties of different restoration farmland, evolution law of crop growth and soil quality along with the restoration process of farmland has been studied, and reveal the productivity restoration state of the farmland by continuing to planting crops after it was damaged, in order to offer important scientific basis of appealing to stop spaded for brick, enhancing awareness of cultivated land protection, ensuring cultivated area and quality, promoting to agricultural production and social economical sustainable development. According to the extent of damage of the spaded farmland in observation plots, there are five treatments in the test, each treatment has three repeat. The depth of each treatment is 1m. The main results summarized as follows:⑴Soil physical properties were significantly improved along with the restoration age increased. The sample plots that restoration for one year after they were spaded, the field capacity of soil layer in 0-15cm, 15-30cm and 30-65cm was just 26.6%, 26.8% and 25.3%; it was the lowest one among all the sample plots. The increasing trend of the field capacity during 3-6 years of the farmland restoration was not significantly, when the farmland was restoration for 10 years, the field capacity reached to 27.7%, 29.3% and 27.5%, it was nearer to the sample plots that was non-spaded.Along with the restoration age increased, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium content were all increased, with the increased of the soil layer depth, soil nutrient was gradually decreased, the fastest decreased of soil nutrient was the sample plots that were restoration for 1 year. For the trend of soil nutrient, the sample plots that were restoration for 10 years were close to the non-spaded sample plots. Soil organic, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were highly correlated. Soil available phosphorus and available potassium were highly correlated. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus were correlated. The PH of the sample plots was similar.⑵The observation data of winter wheat showed that the dry matter accumulation of the sample plots that restoration for 10 years and 6 years was close to the sample plots that were non-spaded, the average dry matter accumulation ratio of early heading stage and late heading stage was respectively 88.5% and 82.9%. The dry matter accumulation of the sample plots that restoration for 3 years and 1 year was far away from the sample plots that were non-spaded, the average dry matter accumulation ratio of early heading stage and late heading stage was respectively 55% and 40%.The trend of grain volume, fresh weight, dry weight and moisture during all the grain filling period of the sample plots that spaded and non-spaded was a single peak curve. The sample plots that were spaded for 10 years, 6 years, 3 years and 1 year, the value of the above index during each stage was lower than the value of the non-spaded sample plots, the general trend was: non-spaded lands﹥the lands spaded for 10 years﹥the lands spaded for 6 years﹥the lands spaded for 3 years﹥the lands spaded for 1 year. Soil excavation accelerated the decay rate of the green leaves, decreased the quantity of storage capacity and sink-source of unite grain, thus make the yield reduction of winter wheat. Compared with the non-spaded and the spaded sample plots, there were great difference among the ratio of grain weight and leaf area.The trend of growth rate of winter wheat single grain was a single peak curve. During the first twenty days of filling stage, the sample plots that were spaded for 1 year reached the maximum filling rate, after that it was decreases rapidly. For the sample plots that were non-spaded and spaded for 10 years, the maximum filling rate appeared when it was 25 days or so after the filling stage. The photosynthesis rate of the non-spaded sample plots was always higher than the spaded sample plots.During pre-winter and wintering period, the daily mean ground temperature of the non-spaded sample plots was higher than the spaded sample plots in the soil layer of 5cm and 10cm, but in the soil layer of 15cm and 20cm, the daily mean ground temperature of the non-spaded sample plots was lower than the spaded sample plots. During all the filling stage, the ground temperature of all the observation soil layers (5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm) in the non-spaded sample plots was higher than the spaded sample plots.⑶For each sample plots, the trend of the LAI, photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic potential of summer maize was single peak curve. Among them, the LAI and photosynthetic rate reached the maximum at the silking stage, but the photosynthetic potential reached the maximum at the filling stage. For the sample plots that spaded for 10 years and 6 years, when the above index reached the maximum value, they still maintenance the higher level for a long time, but for the sample plots that spaded for 1 year and 3 years, when the above index reached the maximum value, they will declined rapidly.The dry matter change trend of stem, leaf and leaf sheath of summer maize was approximately consistent. The time that the dry matter accumulation reached to the maximum is separately: The spaded sample plots that restoration for 1 year and 3 years was 15 days after the silking stage, the spaded sample plots that restoration for 6 years and 10 years and the non-spaded sample plots was 30 days after the silking stage. The filling rate trend of summer maize was basically single peak curve in each sample plots. The time that the filling rate reached to the maximum is separately: The spaded sample plots that restoration for 6 years and 10 years and the non-spaded sample plots was about 23 days after pollination, and the value separately is 9.24mg/(grain·d); 9.48 mg/(grain·d); 9.50 mg/(grain·d). The spaded sample plots that restoration for 1 year and 3 years was about 25 days after pollination, the highest value separately is 7.92 mg/(grain·d); 8.31 mg/(grain·d).There was no significant difference in the total nitrogen content of the leaf and the total potassium content of the grain to summer maize for the spaded sample plots that were restoration for 10 years. There was very significant difference in the total phosphorus content of the stem and grain for each sample plots. There was no significant difference in the total nitrogen content of the stem, total phosphorus content of the leaf and total potassium content of the stem for the spaded sample plots that were restoration for 1 year, 3 years and 6 years.
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