Breeding Techniques By Embryo Rescue And Selection Of Introduced Cultivars In Lily

Cross-breeding is an important way of germplasm innovation.In this experiment,Oriental hybrids, Asiatic hybrids,Longiflorum hybrids,OT hybrids series of lily varieties and wild lilies were employed as the experimental materials to carry on the cross experiments.The post-fertilization barriers to obtain hybrid species were overcome through the technology of embryo rescue,in order to provide the basis for lily breeding for future.And to speed up the selection process of new varieties of high quality of lily and the use of superior varieties of foreign resources efficiently,the comparative cultivation experiment was carried out.38 varieties of lilies imported by the Netherlands were cultivated in greenhouse and the plant height,stem,leaves,flowers,and other biological characteristics and ornamental traits were analyzed,which were selected for proper lily varieties cultivated in Greenhouse of Beijing in winter.The main conclusions are as follows:1.In the hybridization experiment,the distance might have a significant impact on seedlings.It had better compatibility within the cultivar group of Oriental hybrid lilies.However,the combination of different cultivar group,such as O×A,O×L and O×OT had a low compatibility whose cross pollination had been hampered.OT had a low compatibility in both within the cultivar group and between the cultivar groups.By comparison,the compatibility of OT×O was higher than OT with other types of hybrid.When wild species as male parent,the Oriental Lilies,OT Lilies hybrid with L.regale had stronger affinity compared with L.davidii var.unicolor and L.lancifolium.2.The immature embryos obtained from inter-specific hybridization were used as the explants to tissue culture.The suitable ways for lily hybrids cultivation in vitro were screened through embryo rescue,such as ovary slice culture,ovule culture and embryo culture.The results showed that different types of hybrid combinations had a certain influence on germination of immature embryo and plant regeneration:the germination rates of O×O and O×L.regale were the highest,and the germination rates of distant crossing of O×A and O×OT were low.Ovary slice culture method was more applicable.The ovary slice of early development was placed in the B5 culture medium for 30 days,and then cultured through ovule.It could be more effective to avoid embryo abortion and got a high survival rate.The survival rate was very low through direct ovule culture at the early stage of ovary enlargement. The survival rate increased at the later development stage.The best ovule culture medium was MS+ NAA0.01mg/L+sucrose 60g/L.The embryo culture was suitable for the hybrids of near genetic relationship and embryo at late development stage.3.In the 38 varieties of lily cultivated comparative experiment,height growth,size of flower bud, flower diameter and other traits were compared and analyzed to ultimately identify best six kinds of lilies as cut flower cultivated in solar greenhouse of Beijing in winter.They were'Caldeira','Crystal Blanca','Nymph','Bonsoir','Eyeliner'and'Red Alert'.