Investigation Of Pest Species On Garden Plants And The Occurrence And Control Of Three New Insect Pests In Fuzhou

The garden plants play an importment role in the Urban landscape of Fuzhou. However too many developing construction and importing garden plants without thinking thoroughly has caused natural vegetation to change, and led garden plant diseases and pests to occur. The diseases and insect pests of garden plants directly impact on landscape. By far, the happening regularity and life history of insect pests of urban garden plants in Fuzhou have not been studied in detail. In order to promptly and accurately ascertain pest species and the characteristics of harmfulness, occurrence and to made accurate protective strategies, we systematically studied annual incidence and life history of some common and new harmful insect pests in Fuzhou from 2006 to 2008. Our main findings are as follows:The preliminary survey on common pests of urban plants in Fuzhou was conducted. A total of 396 species of pests are identified, belong to 4 classes, 14 orders, and 78 families. The most common orders are Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Isoptera, Orthoptera, and Acarina. The single most common order is Lepidoptera, with 199 species (50.3% of total species) identified belonging to 30 families (38.5% of total families). Followed by the orders Coleoptera and Homoptera, with 76 species (19.2%) and 12 families (15.4%), and 64 species (15.9%) respectively. 7 species of new or non-native pests were identified, they are Chilades pandava, Saissetia coffeae Walker, Idioscopus incrtus Baker, Batocera rubus, Brontispa longissima, Rhynchophorus ferrugineusOliv and Hemiberlesia pitysophila.Batocera rubus undergo one generation each year in the Fuzhou region, with the larvae hibernating through the winter in trunks. Adults are active from early May to early October, reproducing in early May. Larvae cease activity in the first 20 days of December to enter hibernation, they pupate in March of next year, emerging 30 days later as adults.Brontispa longissima undergo 4-5 generations per year in the Fuzhou region, the generations overlap. Adults can live up to 200 days or more, and the developmental time of eggs, larvae and pupae are 3-4 days, 30-40 days, and 5-6 days respectively. Adults mate immediately after emerging from the pupae without the need for feeding, producing 1-3 eggs per day for 5-6 months. Mature larvae pupate in decomposed or newly opened leaves.Rhynchophorus ferrugineus undergo 3-4 generations per year in the Fuzhou region, the generations overlap. Annual incidence occurs in two peaks. Females can mate multiple times in one lifetime, laying eggs on the same day. Females live for 39-72 days, while males live for 63-109 days. Females can drill into the soft portions of the base of the tree crown to lay her eggs, implanting only one egg in each hole. A female adult can lay 220-350 eggs in her lifetime. Larvae use the fibres of the palm tree to make the cocoon.Targeting the mechanism by which longicorns cause damage, a pressure infusion device was designed and produced that allowed treatment of affected trees with pesticides. The device is simple and convenient, and produces excellent results. It is ideal for eradicating intermediate and mature longicorn larvae. The device has been granted the utility model patent by the State Intellectual Property Office of P.R.China (Patent No: ZL200620112348.0)...