Analysis Of Some Genes Involved In The Hair Follicles And Skin In Liaoning New Breed Of Cashmere Goats

Cashmere has delicacy, warm, white and other characteristics, and is the treasure in the textile fibers. Combined with the molecular mechanism of the villus growth, clarified the physiology and genetics base of the cashmere growth-control at the molecular level, it not only has an important significance in the basic theory, but also provides a reliable scientific theory basis for the control of the cashmere growth and the breeding of the cashmere goats.The cashmere growth showed the obvious seasonal cycle change, and the light time played an important regulation role. The cashmere begin developing when the light time shorten, and stop growing gradually when the light time become longer. The start-up time of this cycle has greater differences between species, but the time to stop growing is almost simutaneously. The melatonin, prolactin and insulin-like growth factor-I and so on have a direct or indirect impact to the regulation of hair follicles, and the nutrition levels of diet has no apparent regulation to the cashmere cyclical growth. The cashmere cyclical changes has significant differences between the variety, and the hair follicles activities can be converted once a year with the season from anagen to catagen, and then telogen. I'm afraid that it's the most fundamental to elaborate this phenomena from genetic only. The significant differences between villus type cashmere goats and cashmere type cashmere goats need to be explained from the genetic mechanism. Those differences are also related to the production of cashmere and the quality of cashmere, so it has a great significance to the cashmere goat breeding.With the continuously enriched and improved goat genome linkage map, the genetic markers as a trait linkage analysis will provide a more scientific basis for the analysis of genetic mechanism of the growth of cashmere and production of the cashmere. At present we should open out the location expression differences in the different growth periods in the hair follicle cells from several major hormones and growth factors as candidate factors, and detect the specific gene expression production mRNA at the same stage of the skin tissue of the different types of cashmere goats which have significant differences in the start-up time by the different display technologies, then reach to the initial separation and screening to the genes related to the growth of cashmere, and lay the foundation for the revealing of cashmere growth-control mechanism, quantity character QTL analysis and the marker-assisted selection.There are at least ten different cells in the wool follicles, they form the root sheath, inner root sheath, the cuticles, the cortex and the pulp layer, but the factors that decide the differentiation in hair follicles in each cell haven't been realized. A group of regulatory gene which decide the cell differentiation are the homologous but different-type genes, and the report about the expression of the homologous box gene under the conditions of the division and space constrations in hair follicles is increasing gradually. The evidence showed that those gene family may be included in the genes which control hair keratinization and cell differentiation. In cell differentiation, some hair keration-specific differentiation gene family form complex and occasional space after activating. The Hoxc-13 may control the expression of keratin, and its excess expression may lead to some negative regulation to the keration uncoupling protein in mice species hair follicles. The exprerimentation that Hoxc-13 gene can combined with human type I IF hair keratin genes in vitro showed that Hoxc-13 can control the expression of hair keratin. There have been more reports related to the Hox gene role in skin hair follicles, some of the Hox genes of humen and mice have been identified that they are expressed in different parts of skin and hair follicles by situ hybridization technology. Now the cashmere goats Hox gene study are lack of reports.Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 gene is a gene that presents in symbiotic bacteria in plants, and produces secondary metabolites to inhibit a number of plant pathogens in soil. The experiment of purpose gene inactivation and metabolic testing showed that the alexin encoded by PKS-NRPS gene cluster in plant root symbiotic genome PF-5 has the fouctions of counter-proliferation and anti-fungal. Many microorganisms exist in the natural living environment and have an impact to the living environment or have some obvious changes And a number of bacteria around the plants which exposed to UV radiation and root treated by oxyen made a huge change to temperature and humidity. rpoS gene in Pf-5 is the important adjustment to control the gene expression in a fixed phase in bacterial cell, so it made the pf-5 to adapt to the environment and generate response. In previous studies, there have been reported that rpoS gene in Pf-5 is necessary for resisting infiltration and oxidative stress, and rpoS also has other important functions, such as enduring frozen, hunger, UV radiation, drying stress and so on.ESTs sequence of Pseudomonas fluorescens pf-5 gene existed in the skin of cloven-hoofed animals found in NCBI. According to Pseudomonas fluorescens pf-5 gene function in plants, pf-5 gene should be concerned with the defense in skin.We got part of gene sequence from the skin in Liaoning new line of cashmere goat, and speculate that pf-5 gene may be an importment gene that adapt to the change of outside world and resist harsh environment in the skin. But the present study is limited to the study of plant roots and all kinds of fungi and the whole gene sequence has not been got in skin. Therefor, clarify the Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 gene whole sequence and the structure of the coding protein will help to understand the presence and function in skin.This experiment using Liaoning new line of cashmere goat analysed the Hoxc-13 gene promoter sequence and structure, and got the part of Pf-5 gene sequence by extending total RNA in goat skin using RACE and RT-PCR.Repeat analysed determine to the subcloning, did the research and structure analysis to the gene, it laid a foundation for further search and analysis the foundation existed in skin gene which regulated cashmere growth.