| Needle rust caused by Coleosporium was one of the main Pine diseases that world-wide dispersed. Seedlings and ten-year old trees were severe affected by rust fungi.Either natural forest or plantations all have been infected and yielded economic losses.174 voucher specimens of19 Coleosporium species from 21 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions) of China and also from abroad were investigated by microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and molecular biology techniques.The results are the followings:1.Shapes of urediospores parasitize Compositae in China varied widely,such as round,oval,ellipse, long oval,and flat oval,prism-shaped,polygon,pine nut-shaped and club-shaped.Variable genus of host plants in their degree of association with related to shapes of urediospores.Geographical differences play an important role on shape differences.According to shapes of urediospores and host plants,six relevance groups were classified.2.Urediospores size is(12.85-) 15.25-25.44(-30.84)μm×(12.85-) 21.59-33.23(-35.98)μm.Size of urediospores was significantly distinguished on Inula,Solidago and Vernonia genus.3.Reticulate area,Cap-like area,smooth area,dense verrucose as convieceable taxnomoy rules.There are six kinds of verrucose structures:Small Annulate,Prism shape,Large Verruse,Cylindrical. Large Cornate and Nail-headed shape.Moreover,annuli structures were changed from 0 to 2 layers.Surface markings,verrucose types and structures yield certain degree of correlation.4.Size of teliospores in 37 voucher specimens were 28.27-70.93×13.19-23.65μm.Teliospores of host plants as Ligulariae fischeri,Doellingeria scabra,Senecionis cannabifolius were bigger than Eupatorium chinense,Ligulariae satarrta,Ligulariae sp.and Cacaliae auriculata.5.Coleosporium ligulariae fischeri Turcz.was an unrecorded species based on the morphylogical characters and mecolcular biology information.
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