Studies On Effect Of Temperature On Life Ability Of Periplaneta Americana (Linnaens) And Parasitoid Behavior Of Tetrastichus Hagenowii (Ratzeburg)

Periplaneta americana (Linnaens) was considered to be an important medical pests which extensively distributed in the world. Tetrastichus hagenowii (Ratzeburg) which was a small eulophid parasitoid of cockroach egg capsules was an important natural enemy to prevent P. americana L. from hazards. The Periplaneta americana oothecae was selected as the host of T. hagenowii. The reproduction factors of experimental population of P. americana L. and parasitic natural enemy T. hagenowii were studied on the basis of previous research in order to know how to provide excellent host. These research could provide a further theoretical foundation for artificial propagation of T. hagenowii.In the paper the relationship between temperature and life ability of P. americana L. were studied under the conditions of test constant temperature by four aspects of the effect of temperature on feeding capacity and fecundity of P. americana L., the effect of temperature on feeding capacity and fecundity of P. americana L., the high-temperature tolerance and the cold hardiness of P. americana L.. The results of feeding capacity and fecundity of P. americana L. at different temperature were showed that It was considered comprehensively that optimum temperature range of feeding capacity was from 25℃to 31℃. The sequence of feeding capacity for different stages of P. americana L. was old nymphae> young nymphae and female adults> male adults at different temperature. It was forecasted by the model that optimum temperature of feeding capacity and fecundity of female adults of P. americana L. was 27℃. Feeding capacity of female adults of P. americana L. in the period of spawning were higher than that in the period of non-spawning. At 30℃, 25℃and the natural temperature (15℃-30℃) , the starvation and thirstiness tolerance of P. americana L. was researched in three treatments by providing water, dried food, nothing. The starvation and thirstiness tolerance of P. americana L. was evaluated by mean survival time. At natural temperature(15℃-30℃), mean survival time of P. americana L . at natural temperature was longer than at 25℃and at 30℃. But the results of starvation and thirstiness tolerance of P. americana L. was the same as the results at 25℃and at 30℃in three treatments. At different treatments of different temperature, there were sequence of different stages of P. americana L. in the aspect of mean survival time. The results of the effect of high temperature on oothecae hatch of P. americana L. were showed that at 30℃oothecae hatch of P. americana L. was not influenced, at 40℃P. americana L. oothecae did not hatch, the lethal temperature of P. americana L. ootheca was 40℃. In the range of 35℃-40℃ootheca hatch of P. americana L. was inhibited. The mean survival time of of P. americana L. declined with the temperature increasing when they were put the high temperature respectively. At different high temperature conditions, the mean survival time of P. americana L. on stages were old nymphae>female adults>young nymphae and male adults respectively. The cold hardiness of different stages of P. americana L. presenced difference. The sequence of cold hardiness of P. americana L. on different stages were old eggs >young nymphae >old nymphae and female adults >male adults.In the paper the effect factor of sex ratio, mating behavior and mating behavior of T. hagenowii were researched, which could provide an important theoretical basis for mass rearing of T. hagenowii. The results showed that the temperature and light had significantly effect on on sex ratio of T. hagenowii. The contact time beween female adults and host, female adults supplement nourishment had no effect on sex ratio of T. hagenowii. When female adults age were 10 day-old,sex ratio of T. hagenowii reduced. Sex ratio of T. hagenowii declined with growth of spawning female adults quantity. The mating ability reduced with female adults age growth. The encountering times increased and the percentage of mating reduced with female adults age growth. If female aduls were feeded by water, the percentage of mating reduced with female adults age growth.T. hagenowii laid more eggs on young ootheca than on old ootheca. The aggression ability and ovipostion quantity of female adults of T. hagenowii on different age oothecae decreased as host egg age growth respectively while the ovipositor inserting times of female adults of T. hagenowii increased as host egg age growth. Female adults of T. hagenowii laid eggs on unparasitized oothecae, the aggression percentage of T. hagenowii had no difference on parasitized oothecae and unparasitized oothecae.