Evaluation Of Glucose-Treated Soybean Meal As A Source Of Rumen Protected Protein For Dairy Cattle

Four cows fitted with permanent rumen cannulas and simple T-type duodenal and Ileum cnnulae were used in 4×4 Latin square design to measure protein degradation in the rumen and amino acid flow and absorption in the small intestinal. One studies included three parts presented as follows:In Part 1 we studied the effects of glucose treatments of soybean meal (SBM) on the rumen dry matter, protein dynamic degradability in cows. Three health Chinese Holstein cows fitted with permanent rumen cannulas were selected as experimental animals. Cows were fed on the diet with the ratio(concentration to roughage) of 45:55, to investigate the dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability of common soybean meal and glucose-treated soybean meal. The experiment contained one control group and three experimental ones (A, B and C): A treatment (control group), B treatment (addition of glucose -7%, water - 20%, temperature - 85℃, time - 90 min), C treatment (addition of glucose - 5%, water - 25%, temperature-100℃, time - 30 min ), D treatment (addition of glucose - 3%, water - 15%, temperature - 115℃, time - 60 min).The result showed that the ruminal degradability of DM and CP were affected by different processing methods(P<0.05. Glucose-treating methods significantly increase the degradability of soybean meal. Degradtion of protein of soybean meal which was treated by heat and glucose were effectively inhibited. Glucose treatment gradually reduced rumen effective protein and dry matter degradability of SBM by increasing the content of glucose,temperature and the time of heat. The degradation of DM and CP was lower for B, C and D treatment than the control group. The ratios of ruminal degradability of dry matter ranged from 43.60% to 62.37% among the four diets, and the rumen effective protein degradability ranged from 28.21% to 51.94%.In part 2 we study the effects of different bypass soybean meal diets on ruminal fermentation, nutrients utilization. Four rumen,duodenum and Ileum cannulated cows were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment design with different protein digestion soybean meal in four diets. Soybean meal were selected as lower, medium and higher protein degradability respectively. The result shows that the ruminal fermentation indices were insignificantly different among 4 diets. Glucose-treated soybean meal has the tendency of increasing pH, acetate, acetate : propionate ratio. The NH3-N and butyrate concentration were significantly lower than that of SBM one(P<0.05). The nutrients intake, output and digestion were different among 4 diets. OM intake in SBM diet was a little lower than that of other diets.In part 3 we studied the effects of four diets on the supply of the amino acids in small intestine and utilization of them.The four diets did not affect the amino acids profiles of DMI. The intake of lysine, threonine, glycine, methionine, isoletcine were higher in control group than in the treatment ones, while the histifine, argnine, aspartic, glutamic acid, proline and alanine were lower than in the treatment groups. The intake of amino acid was similar with the DMI.Compared with the control group, the ammonia flow at duodenum in the treatment group was increased due to the decreasing of the degradability of the soybean meal,and the individual ammonia were the highest in the LD group.With the decrease of the soybean meal in the four diets ,the absorption of the ammonia flow were significantly increased, especially in the MD group. The EAA and TAA flow in the treatment groups were higher in control one. The degradability of the EAA and TAA were not affected by the four diets.