Conversion Of Earthworm To Cow Dung And The Preliminary Application Effect Of The Product

In recent years, China's livestock farming has been develop rapidly, especially in the suburbs, the countryside, and mining areas, the livestock farms are getting bigger and bigger, a large number of livestock and poultry manure caused by direct discharge of agricultural ecological environment has become a major cause of deterioration, and the problem has aroused widespread public concern.In this paper, the characteristics of livestock and poultry manure, poultry manure and the stench of pollution control and the role of earthworm cast had been reviewed. In order to clarify the changes of the characteristics of cow dung by earthworm digestion, the partial physical and chemical characters had been determined in laboratory. The experiment has studied the elimination effect of worm-cast to the stink gas. Three kinds of pretreated earthworm cast, fresh earthworm cast, 10 days placed earthworm cast and autoclave earthworm cast were used as materials, the deodorization effects of different dosage of earthworm cast to total absorbed amount of NH3 and H2S had been measured in experiment. Pot experiment had been also carried out to discuss the effects of earthworm cast on the vegetables. Some indexes of the yield and quality of vegetables treated with various amount of earthworm cast had been determined in the experiment.The main conclusions we obtained are as follows:(1) Compared with the cow dung, water content, the pH value, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, the ratio of rapid available phosphorus content to total phosphorus content reduced in the earthworm cast. On the contrary, total phosphorus content, total potassium content, the ratios of both rapid available nitrogen content and nitrate content to total nitrogen content increased in the earthworm cast.(2) Compared with the cow dung, the population of actinomycetes and fungi remarkably increased in the earthworm cast. The urease activity of earthworm cast was lower than that of the cow dung. On the contrary, the catalase activity of earthworm cast was higher than that of the cow dung.(3) Compared with cow dung, the total content of Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn in earthworm cast increased , but available amount of Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn decreased. The total heavy metals content of Pb,Cd,Cr reduced in earthworm cast.(4) A good deodorizing effect of earthworm cast to the smell gas, such as H2S, had been proved in the experiment. And the much amount of earthworm cast had been used, the better deodorizing effect of earthworm cast to the smell gas was achieved. No evident differences had been found among the deodorizing effects of 3 kinds of pretreated earthworm casts, the fresh earthworm casts, the 10 days placed earthworm cast and the antiseptic earthworm cast by high temperature.(5) Emerges, the seedling growth, the yield and the quality of greengrocery (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinnesis) were evidently improved by applying of a suitable amount of earthworm cast as fertilizer. However, the good effect of earthworm cast as fertilizer to greengrocery was weakened by the usage of excessively high or low proportion of earthworm cast.