Study On Effects Of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Amount And Application Period On Wheat Quality

With the development of people's standard of living, higher wheat quality is demanded.Many factors can influence the qualities of wheat, including variety Characteristic and cultivation measures,etc.Comparative to variety characteristic, research on cultivation measures not only can economize on a lot of manpower and material resources,but also can save lots of time. So there were many research on effect of cultivated method on quality of wheat.And the most important method is nitrogen application.Aiming to investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer amount and application period on wheat quality in southwest of china, two wheat cultivars (Lines) R210 and CN25 were used to study with three application rates of N, and the random block design was used in the experiment. These qualities characteristic include protein component, dry gluten content, wet gluten content, gluten index.SDS-sedimentation volume, falling number,dough stability time, development time, degree of softening,quality number.Using the same 2 cultivars we studied the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer amount and proportion of topdressing nitrogen on accumula- tion trend of GMP protent. The main results were as the followings:1 With different nitrogen fertilizer amount and application period, there is great difference of the variation extent of wheat qualities.The lowest variation degree in two wheat cultivars was the falling number,the next was protein content.But the variation degree of gluten index which reflects gluten quality is relative big, R210 and CN25 respectively reach 36. 316% and 29. 314%. In two wheat cultivars, the variation degree of indexes of doughy rheology characteristics were big too.Except of degree of softening,others were more than 10%,the biggest was 33.186%. Overall speaking, the variation degree of indexes of doughy rheology characteristics were bigger than physicochemical index.2 The crude protein content, the contents of protein component, dry gluten content, SDS-sedimentation volume,dough stability time and quality number have increased obviously with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer added. However, with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer amount added, the change of GMP content, wet gluten content, gluten index, falling number, development time, degree of softening have not the regularity.The effects of proportion of topdressing nitrogen on qualitis of wheat manifested as: the application of base fertilizer whole may be beneficial to improve SDS-sedimentation volume, dough quality number and glidian content; Using nitrogen topdressing method as base fertilizer whole: three leaf period=1:1,it is beneficial to improve GMP content,but it go against the increase of protein content, dry gluten content, wet gluten content and SDS-sedimentation volume; Using nitrogen topdressing method as base fertilizer whole: three leaf period: booting stage=5:2:3, it is beneficial to improve dry gluten content, reduce the degree of softening, but it go against the increase falling number.3 With the process of wheat grain filling, GMP content showed an increasing tendency in two wheat cultivars.GMP content of two wheat cultivars under all nitrogen treatment showed a ripid increasing tendency in 20-25 days. Since 30 days, the speed is obviously slow. The CN25 showed higher GMP content accumulating ability with the increase of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied. However, excessive nitrogen prevents accumulation of GMP content of CN25 in late filling stage. Effects of proportion of topdressing nitrogen on dynamic accumulation of GMP content in R210.And dynamic accumulation of GMP content is most favorable of CN25 by applying base nitrogen whole.