Identification And Biological Characteristics Of Isospora From Siberian Tiger And Medication Against It

There are more and more reports about infections of Isospora oocysts in valuable ornamental feline animals in recent years. A total of 92 fecal samples of mufti-feline animals were collected from a zoo in HeiLongJiang province and were inspected for coccidiosis. After screening six laboratory examinatins of dung. detection rate of coccidian was 17.39%(16/19) by teleman method and saturated salt - sugar solution floating method which was the optimum and the youngers is more than the olders in infection of coccidiosis.Observation of coccidial morphology was taken in cultivation of oocysts. Unsporuled oocysts most are orbicular-ovate, its mean length is 45.875μm and mean width is 34.775μm, the shape factor is 1.19. The paries of oocyst is smooth and no color and oocyst membrane has two layer which stratum internum is thick and black but ectosome is thin and achromatous. The oocyst has no fenestrated membrane and polar granule also residual body. When oocyst had been sporuled, the embryo sac began to split into two sporocysts which has four sporozoites each and residual body is clear. The sporosac is oval-shap, its mean length is 26.875μm and mean width is 22.375μm, the shape factor is 1.25. After Gotten the genomic DNA, Specie-specific PCR primer was designed which got at the Cystoisospora felis internal transcribed spacer 1. Done the PCR amplification and sequencing. By the DNAStar, compared the fraction of 389bp with the other 19 fractions got from Genbank, the consequence is that the cognation among them is 35.97%~98.71%, to Isospora is 55.64%~98.71%. From the obversion of the configuration, the result of PCR and the comparison of the ITS1 fractions and the result of animal infection, we can confirm that the coccidia oocysts from the Siberian tiger is the Isospora coccidia oocysts and It is closer to Isospora felis than others.Pure Isospora oocysts from tiger were obtained through separation and cats were orally inoculated with 30 and 103 and 104 sporuled oocysts each group. The regularity of oocysts excretion contained the prepatent period, the patent period, the peak period, the number of oocyst in per gram feces(OPG value) and clinic symptom. The results indicates that the prepatent period, the patent period and the OPG value is correlated with the number of oocyst,namely, the smaller the number of oocyst, the longer theprepatent period, the longer the patent period and the smaller the infection intensity; and vice versa. During the course of infection, the cats inoculated with 30 oocysts did not present any conspicuous symptoms, whilst the cats inoculated with 103 oocysts showed slight symptoms or developed diarrhea and bloody stools and the cats inoculated with 104 oocysts were more severe.The two groups which had been inoculated with 103 and 104 sporuled oocysts finished their oocysts excretion. From then on, give 104 sporuled oocysts 10 days later. Got the regularity of oocysts excretion contained the prepatent period, the patent period, the peak period, the number of oocyst in per gram feces. The results indicates that the immunity is correlated with the infection intensity, namely, the bigger the infection intensity, the better the immunologic memory, the smaller the number of oocysts excretion next infection and the slighter the clinic symptom; and vice versa.Cats were treated with Toltrazuril solution(Baycox) by 0.4ml·kg-1bw and monensin premix by 15mg·kg-1bw, respectively. And given 104 sporuled oocysts at the same day. Next medication was taken in 24 hours later and Got the regularity of oocysts excretion contained the prepatent period,the patent period, the peak period, the number of oocyst in per gram feces from PID3. The results demonstrated that the both groups were negative and the two medicine were efficient in preventing cats from isosporosis.Cats which had been had been inoculated with 104 sporuled oocysts were treated with Toltrazuril solution(Baycox) by 0.4ml·kg-1bw and monensin premix by 15mg·kg-1bw, respectively, at the frist day of oocysts excretion. Next medication was taken in 24 hours later. The results demonstrated that the intensity of oocysts excretion were descendent markedly in both groups. Comparing with monensin premix, Toltrazuril solution(Baycox) had bigger and faster effects in anthelminthic and inhibition, so it is more efficient in treating isosporosis of cats.Cats which had been given Toltrazuril solution(Baycox) and monensin premix for prevention and therapia were inoculated with 104 sporuled oocysts again and Got the regularity of oocysts excretion contained the prepatent period, the patent period, the peak period, the number of oocyst in per gram fecesfrom PID3. The results demonstrated that the intensity of oocysts excretion in prev group was almost same as the cats inoculated with 104 sporuled oocysts only once and were bigger than the cats inoculated with 104 sporuled oocysts twice. Because of the lack of immunologic memory in the process of drug prophylaxis, the intensity of oocysts excretion after second infection were invariant.; the intensity of oocysts excretion in cur group was far smaller than the cats inoculated with 104 sporuled oocysts twice. Compared with monensin premix, the group cured by Baycox had a bigger immunity and got smaller intensity of oocysts excretion in next infection.