Study On The Yield Potential And Technical Ways For Yield Imporvement In Rice In Henan Province

In this study, the restrictive factors for yield potential were systemically analyzed as well as the yield potential development, the yield potential and the existing problem in different ecological area in henan province were confirmed, and the solution to the problem were also put forward. The results are as following:The photosynthesis productive potential for rice were estimated according to the stimulating true value of solar radiation in different ecological zone in henan province:In north part of henan province, photosynthesis productive potential in Xinxiang area is 28431.2 Kg/hectare, in Puyang area is 27904.5 Kg/hectare, and in Kaifeng is 28058.9 Kg/hectare. In south part of henan province, photosynthesis productive potential in Xinyang is 20834.1 Kg/hectare, in Zhumadian is 19648.9 Kg/hectare, and in Nanyang is 20884.1 Kg/hectare. According to the ture temperature in past years (the highest,the lowest and average temperature), photosynthesis and temperature productive potential for rice were estimated in different rice cultivation area in Henen province by temperature coefficient available related to the stimulating temperature value.In north part of henan province, Xinxiang area is 21425.5 Kg/hectare, in Puyang area is 20890.1 Kg/hectare, and in Kaifeng is 21138.3 Kg/hectare. In south part of henan province, photosynthesis productive potential in Xinyang is 15734.5 Kg/hectare, in Zhumadian is 14852.1 Kg/hectare, and in Nanyang is 15780.8 Kg/hectare. photosynthesis productive potential for rice were also estimated in different rice cultivation area in Henen province by water using efficient coefficient derived from rainfall and evaporation.In north part of henan province, Xinxiang area is 7070.4 Kg/hectare, in Puyang area is6684.8 Kg/hectare, and in Kaifeng is 6552.9 Kg/hectare. In south part of henan province, photosynthesis productive potential in Xinyang is 10699.4 Kg/hectare, in Zhumadian is 7723.1 Kg/hectare, and in Nanyang is 7732.6 Kg/hectare.There are significant difference in rice yield potential in different ecological area in Henan province, the similar situation can also be found in the ture value between yield per unit and yield potential. At present, the average yield per unit is Nanyang>Xinyang>Kaifeng>Xinxiang>Puyang>Zhumadian, the historical higest yield is Xinyang > Nanyang > Xinxiang > Kaifeng >Puyang>Zhumadian, the higest yield per unit in different ecological area hasn't been over the local photosynthesis and photosynthesis temperature productive potential.In three areas in north part of Henan province, both the higest yield per unit and ture average yield have been over local photosynthesis temperature and water soil productive potential, Morever, average yield in Kaifeng has also exceeded the photosynthesis temperature and water productive potential.In three areas in south part of Henan province, the higest historical yield per unit exceeded local photosynthesis temperature and water productive potential, Morever,both the higest historical yield per unit and average yield in Nanyang and Zhumadian has also exceeded the photosynthesis temperature and water and soil productive potential.However, the higest historical yield per unit in Xinyang has only overpassed the local photosynthesis temperature and water and soil productive potential, Which means that the rice productive potential in various area should be further improved.The comparison for rice yield per unit have also been made The results showed the gap still resisted between Henan ecological area and other ecological area in china as well as in the world.The upper limitation for rice yield per unit also has been estimated under differnet restrictive factors, and the analysis has also been conducted for the factors which affected the yield per unit, such as the conditions for ecology, production, the plantation system as well as cultivation skills. The technical ways have been put forward, which include the choice for due sowing timing, fully uterlizing the sunlight, improveing the efficient accumulating temperature, optimizing the structure for plantation, establizing the reasonable rice plantation system, constructing the ideal population, improving the population struction for photosynthesis; accerating the renovation for elite varieties and applicance for new technology related to the planting and cultivation. Strengthening the irrigation works, enlarging the area for irrigation, improving the water use efficience, improving the quality for soil and using feterlizer reasonablly. Strengthening the treatment for disease and insect damage and preventing the disterous weathers. The current study has offered the theoritical reference and pointed out the direction for further improving the rice yield potential and the level for rice yield in henan province.