| This paper chooses Henan authentic medicinal herbs Rehmannia[Rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis (Chan et Sehih) Hsiao]as the material, and describes the traits of Rehmannia in detail which include a wild type, 10 mainstream species in domesticated wild type and 12 variable plants in local strains of Rehmannia.The paper specializes explicitly aerial parts of traits , differences of trait quantity in flower and fruit, traits of root, anatomical structure of root, differences between yield and the active ingredient in different germplasm of Rehmannia using the methods of original field experiments, pot experiments and laboratory analysis, identifies traits which is related to yield and the active ingredients.Then selects suitable cultivars according to different purposes for cultivation, which lay the foundation for the future breeding .Meanwhile, this paper also studies the dynamic process of accumulation of yield and the active ingredients. The conclusions as follows:1.Indicators of the forms of aerial parts ,such as the height of plant, the width of crown, the number of leaves, the length of leaf, the width of leaf, the angle between leaf and the horizon line of ground, absorbance etc. The difference among the indicators of the forms in different traits all reaches significant levels.2. The difference of the number of floral and traits in different traits all reaches significant levels.3.The number of root swelling per plant, the diameter of root, the length of root , expansive location and the anatomical structure of root in different germplasm of Rehmannia have a very significant difference.4. The fresh weight of aerial parts of plant increases gradually from July, and begins to decline after reaching the peak in August. The difference about the fresh weight of aerial parts of plant in different germplasm of Rehmannia all reaches significant levels. Changes in dry weight and the ratio of fresh weight and dry weight have the same trend as fresh weight.Fresh weight of root per plant rises gradually from July and reaches the peak in October and November. But the increasing qualities in November are less than that of October. The difference of fresh weight about the root per plant in different germplasm of Rehmannia reaches a distinct level. Changes in dry weight and the ratio of fresh weight and dry weight have the same trend as fresh weight. The difference of fresh weight yield about the root in different germplasm of Rehmannia reaches a distinct level. Jinhuanghou is the largest, reaching 4013.2kg/MU; the lowest is WZ14, only 1013.22kg/MU.5. Polysaccharide content rises gradually from July,and reaches the peak in October, a then gradually decreases. The difference of polysaccharide content in different germplasm of Rehmannia is at extremely significant level. WZ5 is the largest, reaching 9.61%; the lowest is BeijingNo.3, only 2.87%.Reducing sugar content rises gradually from July and reaches the peak in November.The difference of reducing sugar content in different germplasm of Rehmannia is at extremely significant level. wild type is the most, reaching 29.67%, the least is WZ14, only 9.05%.Catalpol content in the root rises gradually from July,and reaches the peak in October and November. Compared to October, the changes are very small in November. The difference of Catalpol content in the root in different germplasm of Rehmannia is at extremely significant level. Wild type is the largest, reaching 6.84%; the lowest is BeijingNo.1, only2.70%.Catalpol content of leaves rises gradually from July, and reaches the peak in September and then decline gradually. The difference of Catalpol content of leaves in different germplasm of Rehmannia is at extremely significant level. Chuandilong is the highest and reaches7.91%; the lowest is WZ2, only 3.52%.6. The correlation between fresh weight of aerial parts of Rehmannia and the numberof leaves, the width of leaf, the width of crown, absorbance, the length of capsule is at extremely significant level, and the relevance of the length of corolla, the width of calyx and the diameter of root also reaches a significant level, and reaches a very significant negative correlation with the number of root expansion, a significant negative correlation with aspect the ratio of length to width of calyx; fresh Weight of root and the length of leaf, absorbance, inflorescence reaches a very significantly correlation, with the number of leaves, canopy, the height of plant, fresh weight of aerial parts reaches significant the relevant level. fresh weight of yield per mu and the number of flowers, the height of inflorescence, fresh weight of root, dry weight of root reaches the level of a very significant correlation, and with the length of leaf, the height of plant, the degree of absorption, the number of root swelling, the length and width of crown is at the level of significant correlation.Polysaccharide content is very significant positive correlation with reducing sugar content and the height of inflorescence, and is significant positive correlation with the height of plant and the number of flower. Reducing sugar content and the diameter of root, Catalpol content of root and polysaccharide content are highly significant positive correlation for each other ,and is significantly positive correlation with the diameter of root / the figure of length, and shows significantly negative correlation with the length of root. Catalpol content in root and the diameter, the diameter / the figure of length and reducing sugar content are at extremely significant relevant level, and with the ratio of length to width of calyx reaches the level of a significant positive correlation,with the blade angle with the ground, the weight of seed is highly significant negative correlation , is significantly negatively correlated with the number of the expansion of root, the length of root. Catalpol content of leaves reaches a significant level of positive correlation with the number of leaves, the width of leaf, the width of crown; reaches a significant level of positive correlation with the degree of the absorption, the length of corolla, the weight of sees.Polysaccharide content is highly significant positive correlation with of the area of phloem. Reducing sugar content is significantly positive correlated with and the area of xylem, and shows a significant positive correlation with the ratio of xylem / phloem. Catalpol content in root is highly significant positive correlation with the area of xylem, and shows a significant positive correlation with the area of phloem and the proportion of parenchyma cells in xylem.7. To harvest leaves for the purpose of cultivation, should select four species: Chuandilong, wild domesticated type,farm species2, farm species1; For the purpose of harvesting Catalpol,you can choose WZ4, WZ5, farm types1, WZ6 and Jinhuanghou. For the purpose of harvesting polysaccharides, you can choose WZ5, WZ4, Beijing No.1, WZ16, 85-5, WZ6,WZ7 and Jinhuanghou. For the purpose of harvesting reducing sugar, you can choose WZ8, WZ5, WZ4, farm species 2 and Jinhuanghou. For the purpose of yield, you can choose Jinhuanghou, WZ8, WZ7, 85-5 and WZ16. The synthesis indexs which are better is WZ5, WZ4 and Jinhuanghou.
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