Study On The Traits And New Varieties Breeding Of Rehmannia Glutinosa Libosch.

Rehmannia glutinosa is the fresh or dried root of the Scrophulariaceae plant Rehmannia glutinosa.It has the effects of nourishing body fluids,nourishing and nourishing yin.It is a large Chinese medicinal material and is mainly produced in Henan,Shanxi,Hebei,Shandong and other places.It is known as the "Ancient Huaiqing Mansion" in Henan.The best producer is one of the "four major medicines".At present,in the process of planting,production and sales of Rehmannia glutinosa,there are problems such as rapid replacement of main planted varieties,random introduction of species,serious hybrid degradation of varieties,lack of production of high-quality and high-quality varieties,and lack of quick and accurate detection methods and methods for the identification and quality evaluation system of medicinal materials.As a result,the quality of different main cultivated varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa is uneven,and the quality of Rehmannia glutinosa medicinal materials is unstable.Rehmannia glutinosa medicinal materials are flooding the market.The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia also removes the content measurement of verbascum glycosides for the content of index components of Rehmannia glutinosa.The content measurement of Rehmannia Glucoside D is of great significance to the research on the traits of different main varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa and the breeding of new varieties.In this study,the colorimetric card,NH310 computer colorimeter,Lycra DM750 microscope,and high performance liquid chromatograph were used.According to the newly promulgated "Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China" in 2020,the traits（external morphology,Internal structure and index component content）were measured and compared,and the principal component analysis method was used to analyze its comprehensive properties.The results showed that there are differences in the external morphology,internal structure and index component content of different main cultivated varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa;the computer colorimeter can effectively distinguish the color of leaves and roots of different varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa;the number of secretory cells and the proportion of xylem are directly related to quality Comprehensive evaluation: "Beijing No.3" is the first,"Jinjiu" is second,"Dunwang" is third,"Xingke" is fourth,"Huaifeng" is fifth,and "Qinhuai" is sixth.The establishment of a quality evaluation index system for Rehmannia glutinosa provides technical and theoretical support for the planting and production of Rehmannia glutinosa,selection and breeding of new varieties,and quality evaluation.In this study,electronic eyes,electronic nose and electronic tongue technologies were used to perform principal component analysis（PCA）on the obtained data,and to identify the traits（color,smell and taste）of the Rehmannia glutinosa of different varieties and different origins.The results show that the sum of the contribution rates of the PC1 and the PC2 in the PCA of the electronic eye,electronic nose,electronic tongue and the three fitting results of different varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa reached 86.722%,91.644%,95.060%,and 65.588%,respectively,the discrimination index reached 96,99,93,94 respectively;"Beijing No.3" Rehmannia glutinosa from different habitats ranked first in the PCA of the electronic eye,electronic nose,electronic tongue and the three fitting results The sum of the contribution rates of the PC1 and the PC2 reached 98.966%,95.057%,99.221%,and 67.670%,respectively,and the discrimination index reached 100,99,94,and 91 respectively.Different varieties and different habitats of Rehmannia glutinosa can be quickly distinguished by electronic eye,electronic nose and electronic tongue technology,color,smell and taste can be used as one of the basis for evaluating the quality of Rehmannia glutinosa medicinal materials.The identification and application of electronic eye,electronic nose and electronic tongue technology in Rehmannia glutinosa will provide new methods for identification and quality evaluation of Rehmannia glutinosa medicinal materials.In this study,two new varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa were selected and bred through the hybrid breeding technology and passed the provincial identification.Using "Shengjin" as the female parent and"85-5" as the male parent,a new hybrid "Huaidijin 8" line was obtained through crossbreeding.The new line "Huaidijin 8" has a too long halter and the "Qinhuai" halter is short.The roots are large,and the crosses between "Qinhuai" and "Huaidijin 8" are used as parents to screen out the new lines "Xin 2","Xin 3","Xin4" and "Xin 7" with excellent comprehensive traits.","Xin 8".Variety comparison test,high-yield test and resistance test were carried out through the new yellow lines from various places and the main plant variety"Beijing 3".The results showed that the new line of Rehmannia glutinosa "Xin 2" has an upright plant type,dark green leaves,thick and well-proportioned roots,light yellow epidermis,high yield,and strong resistance."Xin 4" has an upright plant type with light green leaves and obvious tubercles.,The halter is shorter,the skin is orange-red,and the yield is higher.The new lines of "Xin 2" and "Xin 4" passed the provincial appraisal on December 31,2020 as "Shida Dihuang No.1"（No.2020015）and "Shida Dihuang No.2"（No.2020016）,which are of high quality Rehmannia glutinosa production provides good varieties.