Study On Decomposition Characteristics Of Edible Fungus Waste Material Return To Soil And Its Effect On Soil Fertility And Crop Yields

Organic fertilizers plays an irreplaceable role in maintainning/improving and enhancing soil fertility,enhancing microbial activity,promotion of crop yield,quality,etc.At present, more reserches focused on human and livestock's feces and crop stalks which used as organic manure,and cultivation of edible fungi of the waste generated for the study of organic manure was relatively less. As a Mushroom-producing nation of china ,the cultivation of a large amount of annual waste,how to effectively make use of mushroom cultivation waste to transform trash into treasure and reduce environmental pollution, which is worth emphasizing and further studying.In this study,the decomposition characteristics of edible fungus waste material on paddy soils in the Chengdu Plain have been researched;and there had set 7 treatments (Conventional fertilization (CK);total crop straw return (T1);30% edible fungus waste material return to field(T2);50% edible fungus waste material return to field(T3);70% edible fungus waste material return to field(T4);100% edible fungus waste material return to field(T5);150% edible fungus waste material return to field(T6)) to research the soil fertility and grain yields, the main results were achieved as below:(1)During the trial period,edible fungus waste material were decomposed much faster at the very beginning and slower at the later stages of the experiment. The edible fungus waste material giving a decomposing rate of 50.2% after 90 days. To the end of the trial, , the residue rate of organic matter,total nitrogen in the edible fungus waste material was 7.41% and 4.67%, total phosphorus and total potassium concentration were 0.13g/kg and 2.08g/kg respectively.(2)The edible fungus waste material is rich in nutrient, the edible fungus waste material retuned to soil can increase the content of nitrogen,phosphor and potassium. The effect of edible fungus waste material return to soil on soil fertility was investigated through a fixed field experiment. The results indicated that the edible fungus waste material treatment increased the content of soil organic matter, toal nitrogen(TN), available nitrogen(AN), available potassium(AK) and available phosphor(AP). As for the different treatment on the experimental field,the recentrate of increase for soil organic matter parallels that of total nitrogen, the maximum value of soil organic matter and total nitrogen was the T6 treatment, the T5 treatment was in the next place. The T6 treatment has great effect on soil available nitrogen and Soil available phosphorus,the content of AN and AP was increased by 2.63%-16.78% and 7.18% - 2.61% respectively.(3)The T5 treatment has the highest grain yield, and there was a big diffirence between T5 and T2, T3.The T5 treatment has an obivious effect on increasing grian yield, it increased 7.17% grain yield than CK.In addition,the edible fungus waste material return to soil can promote the absorption of nutrients, T5 and T6 has greater rice plant content of N,P,K than the conventional fertilization(4)Generally speaking,the T5 and T6 treatments both all could improve and increase soil nutrient,but the T5 treatment has more obvious effect on increasing grain yield than T6,therefore, T5 treatment is one of the most effective way.