Effects On Yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat "Xinyang234" By Nitrogrn Fertilizer Application Technique

Wheat is the largest food crop in the world. The area and production of wheat, which is one of the most important food crop, is only less than rice in China. The main problem in wheat breeding in China is that paying more attention on yield but less attention on quality. Compared with the developed country, the protein level of China wheat is close or slightly higher, but SDS-sedimentation, wet gluten level, degree of hardness are significantly lower. Wheat yield and quality charecters are both complicated synthesize character, which are not only affected by the heredity foundation of the varieties, but also affected by the environment, cultivation technique, etc. Heredity characteristic is the most important factor affecting the quality. However, optimizing cultivation technology can improve the yield and quality of wheat to a certain degree.In this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer planning and managment on wheat species 'xinyang 234' were studied and the results were showed as the followings.(1)The unit area nitrogen measures and the nitrogen fertilizer strategy show a distinct conditioning effect with the yield and the construction . The nitrogen fertilizer application rate has a quadratic curve relation with yields. When the total nitrogen is less than 266 kg/ hm~2, the yield increases with nitrogen increaseing, When the total nitrogen is more than 266 kg/ hm~2, the yield descends on the contrary. Under the same circumstancet nitrogen in total , the ratio 5:5 is better with after fertilizer and base fertilizer, 4:6 is followed.(2)In a suitable scope of nitrogen measures, the protein with wet gluten of wheat grains increases with total nitrogen. In this experiment, the protein contains can increase from 10.14% to 12.29%, the wet gluten contains can rise from 25.28% to 37.51%.Under the situation of the same nitrogen measures, increasing the amount of the nitrogen fertilizer can increase the protein with wet gluten contains .The crude protein has a quadratic curve relation with yield .When the nitrogen is less than 307 kg/hm~2, the crude protein increases with nitrogen increaseing .But when the nitrogen is more than 307 kg/hm~2, it's contrary.(3) In the jointing stage, the accumulating nitrogen has a obvious positive relation with base fertilizer. The time between jointing stage and flowering period has a obvious positive relation with after fertilizer. After flowering period has has a obvious positive relation with after fertilizer and has a quadratic curve relation with total nitrogen. In the feasible total nitrogen, increase the after fertilizer is useful for the accumulation of nitrogen after the flower, thereby increasing the contents of protein and the wet gluten.