Studies On Water And Soil Loss Integrated Control Models In Black Soil Region Of Northeast China

Soil erosion in black soil areas in China Northeast has been getting more and more serious, damage caused by soil erosion has been a serious threat to the area of agricultural production and the sustainable development of society. However, the area has its own unique environment and erosion and sediment yield characteristics of the soil in the area of governance and its importance to the evolution of the law not enough, the relative lack of basic research can not be a simple reference to other areas of soil erosion typical governance model of black soil zone to control soil erosion, although there are some studies, but many of these studies is sparse and scattered, not systematic, and the results of previous studies is currently concentrated in a particular study area, the lack of impact of soil erosion and control factors of space differences and systematic analysis. In this paper, to fully exploit existing research results, select the black soil area of Northeast typical area of the three different scales that is: the entire black soil area in Northeast, Baiquan County, and the focus of double-pass small watershed typical small watershed in the three focus regions from a different focus study the establishment of three different scales, respectively, under the comprehensive soil erosion control system, major findings are as follows:(1) the entire erosion of black soil area in Northeast mainly to water erosion for a variety of mainly the type of soil erosion of sloping land under erosion and channel erosion, a concrete manifestation of severe surface erosion and shallow, gully erosion; slope serious erosion of arable land, the development of severe channel erosion, soil erosion at the same time the region has a strong area of the law is eroding the basis of natural conditions, human activity has accelerated the level of soil erosion; and then summed up, as well as soil erosion control measures on the basis of the establishment of together the various governance models, in the framework, in accordance with the laws of zonal, district management approach used to establish a large-scale north-eastern region of black soil zone comprehensive management system for soil erosion;(2) in the county as a unit Baiquan County in the regional-scale study, the establishment of county-level regional comprehensive management system for soil erosion, including: technical system of water and soil conservation, soil and water conservation management system, soil and water conservation management system, and in accordance with erosion characteristics of different regions and social conditions, the use of zoning approach summed up the model of governance in different regions. Obtained: soil erosion is the natural factors and human factors of the comprehensive results of the interaction, while soil erosion is also involved in many aspects, such as the environment and the economy, the current and long-term, individual and the collective, the upstream and downstream, such as local and overall. Should be in the governance of regional governance as a complex system, and coordinated the various factors that the relationship between the dialectical unity in the management system, security system services, regional distribution and configuration areas such as measures to take the comprehensive management system, so coordination of development;(3) through the analysis of double-pass process of small river valleys, in the analysis of the basis of the historical evolution (slope phase Gully, watershed management phase, in accordance with the law and the comprehensive management of monitoring the development stage, innovative mechanisms to implement sustainable management of soil erosion Stage 4 phases), noted that water and soil erosion from water and soil conservation disaster gradually to protect agricultural production and the production of specific tasks to protect the ecological environment and improve the overall ecological safety of the task changes, it is proposed to continue to enhance the innovative mechanisms, legislative law enforcement, Soil and Water Conservation to protect the environment as an industry to develop, so as to promote the cause of the new era of regional long-term stable development of soil and water conservation; the establishment of a typical small watershed based on a typical slope model, the impact of different factors in the analysis of erosion, which summed up the double-pass small watershed in line 3 of the comprehensive management model.