Morphology, Biology And Genetic Differentiation Of Different Geographical Populations In Musca Domestica

The housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is a cosmopolitan synanthropic insect and closely connects with human health. On the one hand, it has been regarded as one of the key insect vectors and been reported to be involved in the dissemination of numerous diseases such as typhus, cholera, tuberculosis and dysentery. On the other hand, housefly is an important insect resources. Some morphological and biological indexes of houseflies collected from 14 different geographical populations had been compared. In addition, microsatellite technology was adopted to analyze the genetic diversity of 18 different geographical populations. The main results are as follows:1) MorphologySome morphological indexes of each instar (egg, maggot, pupa and adult) of 14 different geographical populations were compared. The results showed that there were significant differences among each other in each index. The body length and body weight of the maggot were two important factors for high yields. And the population from Hubei predominated over other 13 ones in these two facors, which the body length is 13.86mm and the body weight is 0.0315g. The body length of Yunnan population was the minimum, only 11.53mm. The body weight of Beijing population was the minimum, only 0.0215g. The harvest time was another important factor to affect the yield of maggot. The results showed that the body length and body weight peaked when the larva was 3-day-old and then, with the passage of time, both indexes decreased. So in order to obtain high yields, the harvest time was the 3-day-old maggot.2) BiologyThe biological characteristics of 14 different geographical populations were compared in this article. The results showed that all the indexes like fitness, fecundity and development durations of different geographical populations were significantly different from each other. Especially, fecundity was a key index to measure whether it is suitble for mass rearing. We found that the two populations, Xinjiang (28.4 eggs) and Zhejiang (24.4 eggs), had higher daily average fecundity than others. The minimum was Heilongjiang population, only 11.2 eggs. Also, the rhythm of oviposition of different geographical populations of housefly were different. The peak spawning lasted 20 days from the beginning of spawning.3) Genetic differentiation Two pairs of microsatellite primers were adopted to analyze the geographical differentiation of 18 different geographical populations of housefly. The results of the PCR showed that the size of product was about 300bp and 200bp fragment. 10% of denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was employed to detect the PCR products, from which we obtained that there were no genetic diversity and geographical differentiation among those geographical populations.