Diversity Of The Endophytic Bacteria Isolated From The Roots Of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys Edulis) Plants

The culturable and unculturable bacterial communities in the root domain of moso bamboo plants were investigated by culture-dependent and culture-independent (PCR-DGGE) approaches, respectively.186 bacterial strains with different colony characteristics were isolated with Luria-Bertani and King's B media. After 16S rDNA sequence analyzed,92 rhizosphere bacteria were grouped into Firmicutes (66.3%), Actinobacteria (18.5%), and Proteobacteria (15.2%); 54 rhizoplane bacteria were grouped into Firmicutes (70.4%), Actinobacteria (5.5%), and Proteobacteria (24.1%); 40 endophytic bacteria were grouped into Firmicutes (22.5%), Actinobacteria (10.0%), and Proteobacteria (67.5%). The members of Gammaproteobacteria were only isolated from the root interior and rhizoplane of the moso bamboo plants. The predominant bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and the root interior of moso bamboo plants was Bacillus (42.4%), Bacillus (44.4%), and Burkholderia (35.0%), respectively.PCR-DGGE analysis indicated that the unculturable bacterial community were grouped into:Proteobacteria (8.8%), Acidobacteria (29.4%), and Actinobacteria (11.8%) in the rhizosphere of the native moso bamboo forest plants; Proteobacteria (66.6%), Acidobacteria (16.7%), and Actinobacteria (16.7%) in the root interior of the native moso bamboo forest plants; Proteobacteria (63.3%), Acidobacteria (9.1%), and Actinobacteria (27.3%) in the rhizosphere of the artificial moso bamboo forest plants; Proteobacteria (76.9%), Acidobacteria (15.4%), and Actinobacteria (7.7%) in the root interior of the artificial moso bamboo forest plants, respectively. The predominant bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere and the root interior of the native moso bamboo forest plants was Terriglobus (8.8%) and Microbacterium (22.8%), respectively. But the predominant bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere and the root interior of the artificial moso bamboo forest plants was Microbacterium (17.3%) and Pelomonas (11.5%), respectively. Pseudomonas sp. and Microbacterium sp. were found in the rhizosphere and root interior of moso bamboo plants in the native and artificial forest. But Acinetobacter sp., Idiomarina sp., and Citrobacter sp. were only found in the rhizosphere of moso bamboo plants in the native forest; Devosia sp. and Pantoea sp. were only found in the root interior of moso bamboo plants in the native forest; Stenotrophomonas sp. was only found in the rhizosphere of moso bamboo plants in the artificial forest; Pelomonas sp. was only found in the root interior of moso bamboo plants in the artificial forest. Lots of unculturable bacteria were found in the rhizosphere and the root interior of moso bamboo plants.There were obvious differences between the rhizosphere and endophytic bacterial communities which were analyzed by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. The culturable bacterial community was represented by the members of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, while the unculturable bacterial community was represented by the members of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, respectively. The predominant bacteria were Bacillus sp. (42.4%) and Burkholderia sp. (35.0%) in the culturable bacterial community, but the predominant bacteria were Terriglobus sp. (8.8%) and Microbacterium sp. (22.8%) in the unculturable bacterial community. Microbacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Pantoea sp. were found both in the culturable and unculturable bacterial community of the rhizosphere and the root interior of moso bamboo plants. So, it's necessary to investigate the bacterial diversity with culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches at the same time.