| Rhodiola fastigiata plays a vital role in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) because of its high-content of effective secondary metabolites like salidroside, rosavin, and tyrosol. The natural supply of this herb is rapidly decreasing. Therefore, alternative and faster ways of producing these useful metabolites have to be found.In this research, calli of R. fastigiata were successfully induced from leaves and stem segments, and a suspension culture system of its cell granules subsequently established. Furthermore, the factors which limit the growth of R. fastigiata's suspension-cultured cells were also evaluated.The best calli were induced from leaves in a solid medium and suspension-cultured in a liquid medium, that were both supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D. The kinetics of dry/fresh weights of different groups of the strain was determined, and changes of pH, EC and sucrose content in the media were measured. FW and DW reached their maximum (440.26 and 21.60 g/L) on the 39th and 33rd day after changing the medium, and they were 7.33 and 7.15 times than their initials, respectively. A weak acidic condition was found to be necessary for suspension culture of cell granules of R. fastigiata, and the optimal pH was around 5.0. Results obtained in this study using various medium supplemented with different concentrations of essential elements indicate that sucrose is a more critical factor for the suspension-cultured cell granules.During the air-lift bioreactor culture, Fifteen g/L was the best inoculum quantity for culture in air-lift bioreactor, the final biomass was 44.7g/L and three times than the initial. The higher DOT in the media was the reasons why the cell granules in the air-lift bioreactor were only cultured for 15days and the final biomass was so low. It is anticipated that the findings will provide a basis for effective industrialized production of cell granules of Rhodiola using bioreactors.
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