Effects Of Ventilation And Water On The Growth, Development, Yield And Quality Of Tomato

The experiment was carried out by the method of potted-plant, using Jinpeng Number1 as test tomatoes, which is widely planted in Yanglin agriculture high-tech development Zone of Shaanxi Province. The test tomatoes were cultivated in spring and autumn. Spring cultivation was completed in greenhouse of horticulture experiment station at the College of Northwest A&F University from March to July 2009, and autumn cultivation was completed in the greenhouse of horticulture experiment station at the College of Northwest A&F University from July to November 2008. The tomatoes were Irrigated and ventilated throughout the whole growing period. The ventilating treatment includes TT, TM, TL (TT: 90% ventilation, TM:60% ventilation, TL: 20% ventilation). Irrigate in autumn: Irrigation was done as per the 80%, 100%, 120% of daily evaporation amount per plant; Irrigate in spring: Irrigation was done as per 80%, 100%, 120%, 150% of daily evaporation amount per plant. In present article, investigation on effects of water contents on growth, development, yield and quality of tomato under different ventilation condition is done. The main results are as follows:1. Effects of water on growth index of tomato under different temperature and humidity as follows:Cultivate tomato in autumn: The plant height, stem diameter, and the growth speed of leaf number all can reach the highest value when is under the condition of TT(19.57-37.26℃) and 120% irrigation. Cultivate tomato in spring: the growth speed of plant height, stem diameter, and leaf number were faster under the condition of TM(11.51-33.0℃) as well as 100% and 120% irrigation.2. Effects of different levels of water on physiological index of tomato under different temperature and humidity:Cultivate tomato in Autumn: Chlorophyll content under TT(19.57-37.26℃) and 100% irrigation were more than other treatments; the membrane permeability in TT(19.57-37.26℃) and TM (16.40-34.73℃)100% were less than others. Relative water content in TM (16.40-34.73℃)120% reached the highest.Cultivate tomato in spring: the chlorophyll content in TL(10.71-31.8℃) 100% and 120% were higher than other treatments; The membrane permeability in TM(11.51-33.0℃) 100% were less than others. The relative water content under TL(10.71-31.8℃) was more than the other two ventilations at same level water content.3 .Effects of different levels of water on yield of tomato and water utilization under different ventilation:Cultivate tomato in Autumn: Yield per plant in TM (16.40-34.73℃)120% irrigation capacity can reach the maximum of 1501.12g; results in TL(13.42-30.09℃) 100% irrigation is more than that in other treatments; weight per plant in TM(16.40-34.73℃) 120% irrigation can reach the maximum of 100.07g; water utilization in TM (16.40-34.73℃)80% irrigation is the maximum of 34.793%.Cultivate tomato in Spring: Yield per plant in TT(14.43-35.5℃) 120% irrigation capacity is more than others; TM(11.51-33.0℃) 120% irrigation is the most beneficial treatment to increase yield of the unit plant; weight of each plant in TL (10.71-31.8℃)150% irrigation is heavier than in other situations; water utilization in TL(10.71-31.8℃) 80% irrigation reaches the maximum.4. Effects of different levels of water on quality of tomato under different temperature and humidity:Tomato cultivated in Autumn: Soluble sugar content in TT(19.57-37.26℃) 120% can reach the maximum of 3.925g/kg; the vitamin C content in TM(16.40-34.73℃) 80% achieves maximum of 28.076mg/kg; organic acid content in TM(16.40-34.73℃)100% is the maximum of 0.474mg/g; soluble solids content in TT(19.57-37.26℃) 80% reaches the maximum of 8.75; soluble protein content in TT (19.57-37.26℃)120% reaches the maximum of 94.708g/kg.Tomato cultivated in Spring: Soluble sugar content in both TL(10.71-31.8℃) 80% and 100% are higher than that in others treatments; soluble solids in TM (11.51-33.0℃)80% and 100% are higher; organic acids content in TT(14.43-35.5℃) 80% is the highest of 0.987mg/g; vitamin C content in TT(14.43-35.5℃) 80% is up to 52.499mg/kg; soluble protein content shown was TL> TT> TM.