Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Oat Germplasm From China And Canada And Association Analysis Of Loci For Important Agronomic Traits In Oat

Oat is not only a food, economic, feeding, medicine crop, and with resisting drought, salt, barren land etc, as people changing health conception and deterioration of ecological environment and the advantage of oat this special crops is rising. It will become an important crop in diet and environmental improvement. In view of this, the development of oat germplasm, genetic improvement and studying the population genetic relationship and the genetic control of important traits is important in theory and practice. The genetic diversity and population structure of 29 Canadian oat germplasm and 35 oat cultivars of China main producing areas and new lines were analyzed using PCR with intron-splice junction primers and long random primers. The genetic diversity and population structure among those germplasm were analyzed, and association analysis between ISJ marker and 25 agronomic traits were conducted. The main results were as followed:1. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis shows that 171 distinct PCR bands were amplified in total of 15 primers, and 11.4 bands per primer was amplified. Among the 171 bands amplified, 134 were polymorphic, and the polymorphic rate was 78.36%. The Dice genetic similarity coefficients among those germplasm ranged in 0.699～0.934 with average of 0.81, which suggested that there were some genetic diversity among the oat germplasm, but it was relative less. The population structure analysis revealed 52 (81. 25%) oats were with single genetic components, and the rest (18.75%) were with mixed genetic components.2. Trait differences and correlation analysis showed that: 25 traits performance of 64 oats showed very abundant variation, these traits variation coefficients are higher, which indicate genetic background of the material complex and variation abundant. Coefficient of variation of root fresh weight is the largest, followed by the number of root forks. Correlation analysis for 25 traits, ear stem length and total length in plant seedlings was significantly related, coleoptile length and total number of plant in 1 meter row length, and kernel number significantly correlated.3. Correlation analysis showed that linkage disequilibrium exited between sites, population genetic structure analysis revealed that 64 germplasm formed by the three sub-groups,there are 105 sites associated with the trait, some marker locus associated with two or more traits, may be the result of pleiotropic effects, most of the traits associated with multiple marker sites,may be the result of multigenic effect.