| China, as the secondary origin of eggplant,which is a self-pollinated crop, has a long cultivation history. At present, China has become the largest eggplant production and consumption country. It is important to study on the genetic diversity of eggplant germplasm resources for the collection, conservation and identification. At present, the main eggplants trait improvement breeding is an important goal. There are quite rich eggplant germplasm resources in these study. It is important to further understand the genetic diversity of eggplant and screen primarily related marks of agronomic and quality traits to broaden the genetic base for breeding and raise eggplant breeding efficiency. The relationshipment of eggplant molecular markers associated with analysis the main traits rarely reported,which limits the genetic improvement of main characters. In this study, the genetic diversity of 70 eggplant accessions were assessed by morphological traits,quality traits and SSR markers. The main results from Correlation Analysis (CA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Association Analysis were as follows:1. Morphological and quality traits demonstrated that there were rich genetic diversity among germplasm; moreover, it was discovered that different materials and traits had different regions of genetic diversity, the same trait in different material had different regions of genetic diversity. In these materials, the morphological data were analyzed by the CA and PCA with SPSS18.0 software. The relative content of anthocyanins was significantly positive related with fruit color; while was negative related with suloble solids; Content of Vitamin P and content of anthocyanins were positive related with the fruit color; Fruit shape was positive related with suloble sugar and was significantly positive related with suloble protein.12 agronomic and quality traits simplified to six factors, there were nutritional factors, cooked factor, shape factor, growth factor, weight factor and flesh color factor. The total contribution rate was 80.654%.2. The genetic diversity was analyzed by using the SSR molecular marker.130 allelic variation sites were amplified from a total of 18 highly polymorphic primers. The average alleles per primer produce 7.2 bands, which varied from 2 to 9. Cluster analysis showed most of similarity coefficients among those materials ranged in 0.56-0.93,with the average of 0.68, which revealed there was some genetic diversity among those materials. But the genetic basis is narrow. Based on the genetic similarity coefficients, the clustering analysis of 70 eggplant materials was conducted by using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The results suggested all the tested eggplants were classified into six groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.61. Clustering results with some of the geographical origin of the materials had a certain relationship.3. Based on SSR markers traits associated analysis shows that a total of 17 loci were significantly associated with agronomic traits, among which three markers were very significantly correlated to the traits. The marker CSM40-6 could explain 43.2% of variation in Vitamin P (Vp).The marker CSM47-2 could explain 29.8% of variation in leaf stalker length. The marker CSM71-6 was significantly associated with calyx color, which could explain the rate that as highly as 26.5%. The results provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of important traits eggplant. |
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