Fast Prapagation And Polyploidy Induction Of Muscari Armeniacum

Muscari belongs to Muscari genus of Liliaceae, is a perennial bulbous flower which introduced from Europe. It has great variety and short in stature, with early flowering and long flowering period, mainly blue-based inflorescence, it's a high ornamental value flower. However, the traditional plant breeding methods based on sub-bulb lead to low reproductive rate with bacterial infection, these species is severely degraded, bulb atrophy and its plants with small flowers are relatively dwarf, all these factors restrict a good viewing. Therefore, based on previous research, this study conduct a systematic research in tissue culture of the M. armeniacum in order to find the best way of the rapid propagation, which can advance the progress of in vitro studies and establish the foundation for researches such as future breeding, genetic improvement, genetic transformation and so on; at the same time, based on the integrated technology of tissue culture and chromosome engineering, to cultivate M. armeniacum with the colchicines of two training methods in vitro, attempted to develop new methods and technology for the cultivation of polyploid germplasm, to get a higher aesthetic value of new varieties of M. armeniacum. The results showed that:1,Research on M. armeniacum regenerationIn this experiment, the M. armeniacum bulbs as explants, induced by the MS medium, supplemented with different concentrations combinations of auxin and cytokinin, tests include callus induction, adventitious buds induction, and root induction, etc. The results showed that: the most appropriate induction medium to bulb callus was MS + 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L, the induction rate was 98.3%; the most suitable medium of induction of adventitious buds was MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L, the rooting rate is 100%; the most suitable rooting medium was 1/2MS + IBA 1.0 mg/L, rooting rate was 100%.2,Research in tissue culture of Muscari armeniacum polyploidyBased on the tissue cultrure, the callus as a test material for polyploid induction, induced by colchicine in the mixed culture and immersion culture, compare with the M.armeniacum induction rates on different concentrations and different treatment time. The results showed that both methods can induce polyploid plants, but induction rate and mortality of immersion culture method is higher than the mixed culture. Adopt immersion method with the concentration of 0.05% and the treatment time of 15 hours, polyploid induction rate reached 45.6%; The mixed culture method with the concentration of 0.05% and the treatment time of 15 days, the highest polyploid induction rate reached 21.1%. Compared The colchicine-induced plants with the normal diploid plants, leaves of induced mutation plants become wider and thicker and the color become darker, bulbs become larger and the diameter of stomata become significantly larger and number of stomata reduced per unit area, Cytological observation to the mutant revealed that the diploid plants: 2n = 2x = 18, tetraploid:2n = 4x = 36, also found that the presence of chimerism.